Sommer L
Institute of Cell Biology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, ETH-Hönggerberg, Zürich.
Cell Tissue Res. 2001 Aug;305(2):211-6. doi: 10.1007/s004410000331.
A challenging problem in neural crest development is to understand how a migratory population of multipotent stem cells gives rise to a diverse array of differentiated cell types in the correct spatiotemporal manner. There is now ample evidence that this process involves the generation of postmigratory progenitor cells present in a variety of neural crest targets. When individual progenitors are challenged by instructive growth factors they are able to produce neural and non-neural cells, raising the question of how fate restrictions appropriate to a given embryonic location are regulated in multipotent postmigratory progenitor cells. Although some of the extracellular cues involved have been identified, it is likely that fate decisions in progenitor cells are controlled by the combinatorial action of multiple environmental signals. Moreover, cell type specificity is thought to be regulated by an interplay between extracellular and intracellular cues. We are just beginning to unravel some of the mechanisms that allow the context-dependent integration of cell-extrinsic and cell-intrinsic signals in multipotent progenitor cells.
神经嵴发育过程中的一个具有挑战性的问题是，要理解一群迁移性的多能干细胞如何以正确的时空方式产生多种多样的分化细胞类型。现在有充分的证据表明，这一过程涉及在各种神经嵴靶标中存在的迁移后祖细胞的产生。当单个祖细胞受到诱导性生长因子的刺激时，它们能够产生神经细胞和非神经细胞，这就提出了一个问题：在多能迁移后祖细胞中，如何调节与特定胚胎位置相适应的命运限制。尽管已经确定了一些相关的细胞外信号，但祖细胞中的命运决定可能是由多种环境信号的组合作用所控制的。此外，细胞类型特异性被认为是由细胞外和细胞内信号之间的相互作用所调节的。我们才刚刚开始揭示一些机制，这些机制能够使多能祖细胞中细胞外信号和细胞内信号进行依赖于环境的整合。
