Axelsson A, Grebelius N, Jensen C, Melin O, Singer F
Acta Otolaryngol. 1975 May-Jun;79(5-6):466-72. doi: 10.3109/00016487509124713.
Six groups, each containing 50 patients with acute maxillary sinusitis, were treated with ampicillin plus nasal decongestant, ampicillin plus irrigation, cephradine plus nasal decongestant, cephradine plus irrigation, erythromycinestolate plus nasal decongestant, erythromycinestolate plus irrigation. The diagnosis was radiologically established and the healing likewise radiologically assessed on the fifth, tenth and fifteenth day. Treatment was given for 10 days. All groups demonstrated a similar radiological healing except cephradine plus nasal decongestant which was inferior to the others. Contrarily, side effects were least frequent in the cephradine groups and most frequent in patients cured with ampicillin. The difficulty in choosing the best treatment is discussed in relation to such factors as therapeutic results, side effects, long-term consequences of antibiotic treatment, establishment of any bacterial etiology and penetration characteristics of antibiotics into the diseased sinus.
六组患者，每组50例急性上颌窦炎患者，分别接受氨苄西林加鼻减充血剂、氨苄西林加冲洗、头孢拉定加鼻减充血剂、头孢拉定加冲洗、依托红霉素加鼻减充血剂、依托红霉素加冲洗治疗。通过放射学确诊，并在第五天、第十天和第十五天同样通过放射学评估愈合情况。治疗为期10天。除头孢拉定加鼻减充血剂组疗效低于其他组外，所有组的放射学愈合情况相似。相反，头孢拉定组的副作用最少，氨苄西林治愈的患者副作用最频繁。结合治疗效果、副作用、抗生素治疗的长期后果、任何细菌病因的确定以及抗生素进入患病鼻窦的渗透特性等因素，讨论了选择最佳治疗方法的困难。
