Darley C P, Forrester A M, McQueen-Mason S J
Department of Biology, University of York, UK.
Plant Mol Biol. 2001 Sep;47(1-2):179-95.
In all terrestrial and aquatic plant species the primary cell wall is a dynamic structure, adjusted to fulfil a diversity of functions. However a universal property is its considerable mechanical and tensile strength, whilst being flexible enough to accommodate turgor and allow for cell elongation. The wall is a composite material consisting of a framework of cellulose microfibrils embedded in a matrix of non-cellulosic polysaccharides, interlaced with structural proteins and pectic polymers. The assembly and modification of these polymers within the growing cell wall has, until recently, been poorly understood. Advances in cytological and genetic techniques have thrown light on these processes and have led to the discovery of a number of wall-modifying enzymes which, either directly or indirectly, play a role in the molecular basis of cell wall expansion.
在所有陆生和水生植物物种中，初生细胞壁都是一种动态结构，可进行调整以履行多种功能。然而，其普遍特性是具有相当大的机械强度和拉伸强度，同时又足够柔韧以适应膨压并允许细胞伸长。细胞壁是一种复合材料，由嵌入非纤维素多糖基质中的纤维素微纤丝框架组成，并与结构蛋白和果胶聚合物交织在一起。直到最近，人们对这些聚合物在生长细胞壁内的组装和修饰仍知之甚少。细胞学和遗传学技术的进步揭示了这些过程，并导致发现了许多细胞壁修饰酶，这些酶直接或间接地在细胞壁扩张的分子基础中发挥作用。
