Harvey P D, Bowie C R, Friedman J I
Department of Psychiatry, Box 1229, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029, USA.
Curr Psychiatry Rep. 2001 Oct;3(5):423-8. doi: 10.1007/s11920-996-0038-7.
Cognitive dysfunction has been described as a hallmark feature of schizophrenia since the first descriptions of the illness. Kraepelin described a number of features of the disorder that he thought reflected impairments in cognition and attention. He also speculated that cognitive impairments were mediated by neurobiologic dysfunction, specifically impairments in the functions of the frontal lobe. Since Kraepelin's time, there have been many changes in the general conceptions of schizophrenia, including ideas regarding the status and importance of cognitive impairment in the illness. Due to increased sophistication of neuropsychologic assessment and neuroimaging techniques, cognitive impairment has again has risen to the forefront of importance in terms of theories regarding the etiology and treatment of schizophrenia.
自首次描述精神分裂症以来，认知功能障碍一直被视为该疾病的一个标志性特征。克雷佩林描述了该疾病的一些特征，他认为这些特征反映了认知和注意力的损害。他还推测认知障碍是由神经生物学功能障碍介导的，特别是额叶功能的损害。自克雷佩林时代以来，精神分裂症的总体概念发生了许多变化，包括关于该疾病中认知障碍的地位和重要性的观点。由于神经心理学评估和神经影像学技术的日益复杂，认知障碍在精神分裂症病因和治疗理论方面再次成为重要的前沿问题。
