Demerouti E, Bakker A B, de Jonge J, Janssen P P, Schaufeli W B
Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, Department of Work & Organizational Psychology, Germany.
Scand J Work Environ Health. 2001 Aug;27(4):279-86. doi: 10.5271/sjweh.615.
The present study was designed to test the demand-control model using indicators of both health impairment and active learning or motivation.
A total of 381 insurance company employees participated in the study. Discriminant analysis was used to examine the relationship between job demands and job control on one hand and health impairment and active learning on the other.
The amount of demands and control could be predicted on the basis of employees' perceived health impairment (exhaustion and health complaints) and active learning (engagement and commitment). Each of the four combinations of demand and control differentially affected the perception of strain or active learning. Job demands were the most clearly related to health impairment, whereas job control was the most clearly associated with active learning.
These findings partly contradict the demand-control model, especially with respect to the validity of the interaction between demand and control. Job demands and job control seem to initiate two essentially independent processes, and this occurrence is consistent with the recently proposed job demands-resources model.
本研究旨在使用健康损害指标以及主动学习或动机指标来检验需求-控制模型。
共有381名保险公司员工参与了本研究。判别分析用于一方面检验工作需求与工作控制之间的关系，另一方面检验健康损害与主动学习之间的关系。
需求和控制的程度可以根据员工感知到的健康损害（疲惫和健康问题）以及主动学习（参与度和投入度）来预测。需求和控制的四种组合中的每一种对压力感知或主动学习都有不同的影响。工作需求与健康损害的关系最为明显，而工作控制与主动学习的关系最为明显。
这些发现部分与需求-控制模型相矛盾，尤其是在需求与控制之间相互作用的有效性方面。工作需求和工作控制似乎引发了两个基本独立的过程，这种情况与最近提出的工作需求-资源模型一致。
