Lipscomb H J, Li L
Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Duke University, Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
Inj Prev. 2001 Sep;7(3):205-9. doi: 10.1136/ip.7.3.205.
To describe injuries of teens employed in the residential construction industry and to assess whether their injury experiences are significantly different from those of adults in this high risk industry.
North Carolina homebuilders workers' compensation data for a 41 month period were analyzed. Injuries of teens were identified and described by body part injured, nature, and cause of injury. Proportionate injury ratios were used to summarize and compare the injury experience of teens with those of adult construction workers.
Teens had proportionately more injuries to the eye and foot and fewer injuries to the back than adults. They had more cuts and scratches and fewer sprains and strains. They also had proportionately fewer injuries from falls from elevations and overexertion, injuries that account for a significant cost burden in construction. Consistent with these findings, teens had significantly fewer injuries resulting in medical costs or lost time costs of $1,000 or more.
The analyses indicate that injuries of teens are less serious than those of adults. This finding may indicate that their work exposures are less dangerous than those of adults in comparable broad categories of construction. However, the data also provide documentation of injuries to teens resulting from work at heights, use of power tools, and motor vehicles with the majority of more expensive claims involving one of these exposures. Construction is dangerous work and these results add to the documentation of the need for additional measures to prevent work related injuries among all workers-teens and adults-in this industry.
描述从事住宅建筑业的青少年的受伤情况，并评估他们的受伤经历与该高风险行业中成年人的受伤经历是否存在显著差异。
分析了北卡罗来纳州房屋建筑商41个月期间的工人赔偿数据。通过受伤身体部位、性质和受伤原因对青少年的伤害进行识别和描述。使用比例伤害率来总结和比较青少年与成年建筑工人的受伤经历。
与成年人相比，青少年眼部和足部受伤的比例相对较高，背部受伤的比例相对较低。他们的割伤和擦伤较多，扭伤和拉伤较少。他们因高处坠落和过度劳累导致的受伤比例也相对较低，而这些伤害在建筑业中造成了巨大的成本负担。与这些发现一致的是，青少年因伤导致医疗费用或误工费用达1000美元或以上的情况明显较少。
分析表明，青少年的受伤情况不如成年人严重。这一发现可能表明，在类似的广泛建筑类别中，他们的工作暴露风险比成年人低。然而，数据也记录了青少年因高空作业、使用电动工具和驾驶机动车辆而受伤的情况，大多数费用较高的索赔都涉及这些暴露情况之一。建筑工作是危险的，这些结果进一步证明了需要采取额外措施来预防该行业所有工人（青少年和成年人）的工伤。
