Treuth M S, Butte N F, Ellis K J, Martin L J, Comuzzie A G
Center for Human Nutrition, School of Hygiene and Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
Am J Clin Nutr. 2001 Oct;74(4):529-33. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/74.4.529.
Heritability estimates for body mass index (BMI; in kg/m(2)) in children generally have been derived from twin and adoption studies. However, BMI does not reflect total or regional body composition.
We evaluated the familial resemblance of body composition between prepubertal girls of normal weight and body fatness and their parents by using state-of-the-art technology.
The subjects were 101 girls [mean age: 8.5 +/- 0.4 y; percentage body fat (%BF): 12-30%] and their biological parents. Weight, height, and body composition [fat mass (FM), fat-free mass (FFM), and %BF] were measured with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and total body potassium (TBK).
Weight, height, and BMI showed low-to-moderate similarity between the girls and both their parents (r = 0.29-0.44, P < 0.01). The girls' FM, FFM, and %BF were significantly related to both parents' body composition. Cross-generational equations were developed for DXA, eg, child's %BF = 12.4 + (0.158 paternal %BF) + (0.145 maternal %BF) (adjusted r(2) = 0.16, P < 0.001). Regional analysis with DXA showed that the adjusted r(2) values for the arm, trunk, and leg regions, respectively, were 0.17, 0.33, and 0.31 for lean tissue mass and 0.11, 0.14, and 0.09 for FM. TBK showed a similar relation between parents and girls (r = 0.28-0.47, P < 0.01). Significant heritability (h(2) +/- SE) was detected for BMI (0.35 +/- 0.17, P = 0.03) and %BF measured with DXA (0.50 +/- 0.12, P = 0.0001).
The body composition of prepubertal girls of normal weight and body fatness is significantly related to the body composition of both biological parents.
儿童体重指数（BMI，单位：kg/m²）的遗传度估计通常来自双胞胎和收养研究。然而，BMI并不能反映总体或局部的身体组成。
我们运用先进技术评估了正常体重和体脂水平的青春期前女孩及其父母之间身体组成的家族相似性。
研究对象为101名女孩[平均年龄：8.5±0.4岁；体脂百分比（%BF）：12 - 30%]及其亲生父母。采用双能X线吸收法（DXA）和全身钾含量（TBK）测量体重、身高和身体组成[脂肪量（FM）、去脂体重（FFM）和%BF]。
女孩与其父母在体重、身高和BMI方面表现出低到中度的相似性（r = 0.29 - 0.44，P < 0.01）。女孩的FM、FFM和%BF与父母双方的身体组成显著相关。建立了DXA的跨代方程，例如，儿童的%BF = 12.4 +（0.158×父亲的%BF）+（0.145×母亲的%BF）（调整后的r² = 0.16，P < 0.001）。DXA的区域分析显示，手臂、躯干和腿部区域瘦组织量的调整后r²值分别为0.17、0.33和0.31，FM的调整后r²值分别为0.11、0.14和0.09。TBK显示父母与女孩之间存在类似关系（r = 0.28 - 0.47，P < 0.01）。检测到BMI（0.35±0.17，P = 0.03）和用DXA测量的%BF（0.50±0.12，P = 0.0001）有显著遗传度（h²±SE）。
正常体重和体脂水平的青春期前女孩的身体组成与亲生父母双方的身体组成显著相关。
