Torvik A, Soreide A J
Brain Res. 1975 Sep 23;95(2-3):519-29. doi: 10.1016/0006-8993(75)90125-0.
The perineuronal glial reaction after axotomy of the facial nerve was examined in adult mice and rats and in newborn rabbits. The facial nerve was damaged in two ways: by crush lesions, which were followed by complete neuronal regeneration, and by transection (in mice) or evulsion (in rats and rabbits), which caused extensive nerve cell disintegration. After nerve lesions which caused irreversible damage the microglial cells encircled the degenerating neurons and ultimately phagocytosed them. After crush lesions there were great species variations in the glial reaction: the neurons of rats and rabbits showed considerable and reversible separation of the synaptic terminals by glial cells, while mice showed no significant synaptic separation. It is suggested that the main function of the microglial cells may be to serve as potential phagocytes for disintegrating neurons, and that the reversible glial changes around regenerating neurons possibly represent abortive glial reactions.
在成年小鼠、大鼠以及新生兔中，研究了面神经切断术后的神经元周围神经胶质反应。面神经通过两种方式受损：一是挤压损伤，损伤后神经元能完全再生；二是横断（小鼠）或撕脱（大鼠和兔），这会导致广泛的神经细胞解体。在造成不可逆损伤的神经损伤后，小胶质细胞环绕变性的神经元并最终将其吞噬。挤压损伤后，神经胶质反应存在很大的物种差异：大鼠和兔的神经元显示神经胶质细胞使突触终末出现显著且可逆的分离，而小鼠则未出现明显的突触分离。研究表明，小胶质细胞的主要功能可能是作为潜在的吞噬细胞来吞噬解体的神经元，并且再生神经元周围可逆的神经胶质变化可能代表着未成功的神经胶质反应。
