Leggett R W, Munro N B, Eckerman K F
Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN 37831, USA.
Health Phys. 2001 Oct;81(4):450-5. doi: 10.1097/00004032-200110000-00010.
A critical review of the literature on the biokinetics of inhaled mercury vapor was performed as part of an accident analysis for the Spallation Neutron Source to be built at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. It was concluded that current models for inhaled mercury vapor do not accurately describe the distribution or residence time of mercury deposited in the respiratory tract. This paper proposes a model that is more consistent with collective information on the fate of inhaled mercury vapor in laboratory animals and human subjects. Compared with the model currently recommended by the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP), the proposed model predicts lower deposition in the bronchi and bronchioles, greater deposition in the alveolar-interstitial region, and a different pattern of absorption to blood. The proposed model yields substantially reduced estimates of lung dose and effective dose for most radioisotopes of mercury inhaled as mercury vapor.
作为橡树岭国家实验室即将建造的散裂中子源事故分析的一部分，对吸入汞蒸气的生物动力学文献进行了批判性综述。得出的结论是，目前吸入汞蒸气的模型不能准确描述沉积在呼吸道中的汞的分布或停留时间。本文提出了一个与实验室动物和人类受试者吸入汞蒸气归宿的综合信息更一致的模型。与国际放射防护委员会（ICRP）目前推荐的模型相比，该模型预测支气管和细支气管中的沉积较低，肺泡-间质区域中的沉积较高，以及吸收到血液中的模式不同。对于大多数以汞蒸气形式吸入的汞放射性同位素，该模型得出的肺剂量和有效剂量估计值大幅降低。
