Ebert J E
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, Cambridge 02139, USA.
Acta Psychol (Amst). 2001 Sep;108(2):155-71. doi: 10.1016/s0001-6918(01)00033-6.
People's behaviors often appear short-sighted, suggesting they overvalue the near future and undervalue the far future. In three experiments, the present research focussed on the role of cognitive resources in the valuation of near and distant future events. Experiment 1 tested a new discounting paradigm for use in the subsequent experiments. Experiments 2 and 3 used different manipulations (time pressure and a concurrent tone task) to restrict the cognitive resources of participants valuing a series of future events. In both experiments, this manipulation caused an increase in the valuation of far future events but not in the valuations of near future events. Implications of these findings for the role of cognitive resources in time discounting processes are briefly discussed.
人们的行为常常显得目光短浅，这表明他们过度重视近期而低估远期。在三项实验中，本研究聚焦于认知资源在近期和远期事件估值中的作用。实验1测试了一种新的折扣范式，用于后续实验。实验2和实验3采用了不同的操纵方式（时间压力和同步音调任务）来限制参与评估一系列未来事件的参与者的认知资源。在这两项实验中，这种操纵导致远期事件估值增加，但近期事件估值未增加。本文简要讨论了这些发现对认知资源在时间折扣过程中的作用的启示。
