Funk J A, Davies P R, Gebreyes W
Department of Farm Animal Health and Resource Management, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, 4700 Hillsborough St., Raleigh, North Carolina 27606, USA.
Berl Munch Tierarztl Wochenschr. 2001 Sep-Oct;114(9-10):335-8.
The goal of this study was to identify risk factors associated with increased fecal shedding of Salmonella enterica (SE) in groups of market swine reared in large three-site production units. We conducted an intensive, long-term investigation of potential management and environmental risk factors operating during the growing phase of pig production. Data regarding finisher site characteristics, biosecurity protocols, group growth performance, medication usage, and environmental temperature were collected. Results indicate that SE infection is common. Risk factors were identified at both the finisher site and group level. Biosecurity and hygiene practices (absence of a toilet, more than 2 people present at a finisher site daily, and other domestic species at the site), environmental temperature (winter and spring seasons, increased temperature variability, and below median high temperature the day of sampling), and production performance (above median feed conversion) were associated with elevated SE prevalence. In addition, an association between the floor space allowances per pig at the time of sampling (a measure of the number of pigs sold prior to sampling) was identified, with greater space allowance associated with decreased prevalence. The results of this study identify potential management practices for evaluation for SE control and suggest caution in interpretation of fecal culture results when sampling from different marketing groups in swine production systems.
本研究的目的是确定在大型三地生产单元饲养的商品猪群中，与肠炎沙门氏菌（SE）粪便排泄增加相关的风险因素。我们对生猪生产生长阶段潜在的管理和环境风险因素进行了深入的长期调查。收集了有关育肥场场地特征、生物安全协议、群体生长性能、药物使用和环境温度的数据。结果表明，SE感染很常见。在育肥场场地和群体层面都确定了风险因素。生物安全和卫生措施（没有厕所、育肥场每天有超过2人在场以及场内有其他家畜）、环境温度（冬季和春季、温度变异性增加以及采样当天高温低于中位数）和生产性能（饲料转化率高于中位数）与SE流行率升高有关。此外，还确定了采样时每头猪的占地面积（采样前销售的猪数量的一种衡量指标）之间的关联，占地面积越大，流行率越低。本研究结果确定了用于评估SE控制的潜在管理措施，并建议在猪生产系统中从不同销售群体采样时，对粪便培养结果的解释要谨慎。
