Trabulsi J, Schoeller D A
Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706-1571, USA.
Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2001 Nov;281(5):E891-9. doi: 10.1152/ajpendo.2001.281.5.E891.
Epidemiological studies of diet and disease rely on the accurate determination of dietary intake and subsequent estimates of nutrient exposure. Although methodically developed and tested, the instruments most often used to collect self-reported intake data are subject to error. It had been assumed that this error was only random in nature; however, an increasing body of literature suggests that systematic error in the reporting of true dietary intake exists as well. Here, we review studies in which dietary intake by self report was determined while energy expenditure was simultaneously measured using the doubly labeled water (DLW) method. In seeking to establish the relative accuracy of each instrument to capture true habitual energy intake, we conclude that none of the self-reported intake instruments demonstrates greater accuracy against DLW. Instead, it is evident that the physical and psychological characteristics of study participants play a significant role in the underreporting bias observed in these studies. Further research is needed to identify underreporters and to determine how to account for this bias in studies of diet and health.
饮食与疾病的流行病学研究依赖于饮食摄入量的准确测定以及随后对营养素暴露量的估算。尽管用于收集自我报告摄入量数据的工具是经过系统开发和测试的，但仍容易出现误差。过去一直认为这种误差仅为随机误差；然而，越来越多的文献表明，在真实饮食摄入量报告中也存在系统误差。在此，我们回顾了一些研究，这些研究通过自我报告确定饮食摄入量，同时使用双标水（DLW）法同步测量能量消耗。在试图确定每种工具捕捉真实习惯性能量摄入量的相对准确性时，我们得出结论，没有一种自我报告摄入量工具相对于DLW法表现出更高的准确性。相反，很明显，研究参与者的身体和心理特征在这些研究中观察到的低报偏差中起着重要作用。需要进一步研究以识别低报者，并确定如何在饮食与健康研究中考虑这种偏差。
