Burrows Tracy L, Martin Rebecca J, Collins Clare E
Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia.
J Am Diet Assoc. 2010 Oct;110(10):1501-10. doi: 10.1016/j.jada.2010.07.008.
Measuring dietary intake in children enables the assessment of nutritional adequacy of individuals and groups and can provide information about nutrients, including energy, food, and eating habits. The aim of this review was to determine which dietary assessment method(s) provide a valid and accurate estimate of energy intake by comparison with the gold standard measure, doubly labeled water (DLW). English-language articles published between 1973 and 2009 and available from common nutrition databases were retrieved. Studies were included if the subjects were children birth to age 18 years and used the DLW technique to validate reported energy intake by any other dietary assessment method. The review identified 15 cross-sectional studies, with a variety of comparative dietary assessment methods. These included a total of 664 children, with the majority having <30 participants. The majority of dietary assessment method validation studies indicated a degree of misreporting, with only eight studies identifying this to a significant level (P<0.05) compared to DLW estimated energy intake. Under-reporting by food records varied from 19% to 41% (n=5 studies) with over-reporting most often associated with 24-hour recalls (7% to 11%, n=4), diet history (9% to 14%, n=3), and food frequency questionnaires (2% to 59%, n=2). This review suggested that the 24-hour multiple pass recall conducted over at least a 3-day period that includes weekdays and weekend days and uses parents as proxy reporters is the most accurate method to estimate total energy intake in children aged 4 to 11 years, compared to total energy expenditure measured by DLW. Weighed food records provided the best estimate for younger children aged 0.5 to 4 years, whereas the diet history provided better estimates for adolescents aged≥16 years. Further research is needed in this area to substantiate findings and improve estimates of total energy expenditure in children and adolescents.
测量儿童的饮食摄入量有助于评估个体和群体的营养充足情况，并能提供有关营养素的信息，包括能量、食物和饮食习惯。本综述的目的是通过与金标准测量方法——双标水（DLW）相比较，确定哪种饮食评估方法能有效且准确地估计能量摄入量。检索了1973年至2009年间发表且可从常见营养数据库获取的英文文章。如果研究对象为出生至18岁的儿童，并使用DLW技术验证任何其他饮食评估方法所报告的能量摄入量，则纳入该研究。该综述确定了15项横断面研究，采用了多种比较性饮食评估方法。这些研究共涉及664名儿童，大多数研究的参与者少于30人。大多数饮食评估方法验证研究表明存在一定程度的误报，与DLW估计的能量摄入量相比，只有8项研究发现误报达到显著水平（P<0.05）。食物记录的能量摄入量少报率在19%至41%之间（n = 5项研究），多报情况最常出现在24小时回顾法（7%至11%，n = 4）、饮食史法（9%至14%，n = 3）和食物频率问卷法（2%至59%，n = 2）中。该综述表明，与通过DLW测量的总能量消耗相比，在至少为期3天（包括工作日和周末）进行的、由父母作为代理报告者的24小时多次回顾法是估计4至11岁儿童总能量摄入量的最准确方法。称重食物记录为0.5至4岁的幼儿提供了最佳估计，而饮食史法为16岁及以上的青少年提供了更好的估计。该领域需要进一步研究以证实研究结果并改进对儿童和青少年总能量消耗的估计。
