González-Oliver A, Márquez-Morfín L, Jiménez J C, Torre-Blanco A
Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México D.F. 04510, Mexico.
Am J Phys Anthropol. 2001 Nov;116(3):230-5. doi: 10.1002/ajpa.1118.
Ancient DNA from the bone remains of 25 out of 28 pre-Columbian individuals from the Late Classic-Postclassic Maya site of Xcaret, Quintana Roo, was recovered, and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) was amplified by using the polymerase chain reaction. The presence of the four founding Amerindian mtDNA lineages was investigated by restriction analysis and by direct sequencing in selected individuals. The mtDNA lineages A, B, and C were found in this population. Eighty-four percent of the individuals were lineage A, whereas lineages B and C were present at low frequencies, 4% and 8%, respectively. Lineage D was absent from our sample. One individual did not possess any of the four lineages. Six skeletons out of 7 dated from the Late Classic period were haplotype A, whereas 11 skeletons out of 16 dated from the Postclassic period were also haplotype A. The distribution of mtDNA lineages in the Xcaret population contrasts sharply with that found in ancient Maya from Copán, which lack lineages A and B. On the other hand, our results resemble more closely the frequencies of mtDNA lineages found in contemporary Maya from the Yucatán Peninsula and in other Native American contemporary populations of Mesoamerican origin.
从金塔纳罗奥州希卡雷特的后古典玛雅晚期遗址出土的28具前哥伦布时期个体的骨骼残骸中，成功提取了其中25具的古DNA，并使用聚合酶链反应扩增了线粒体DNA（mtDNA）。通过限制性分析和对选定个体的直接测序，研究了美洲印第安人四个奠基性mtDNA谱系的存在情况。在该群体中发现了mtDNA谱系A、B和C。84%的个体属于谱系A，而谱系B和C的出现频率较低，分别为4%和8%。我们的样本中没有谱系D。有一个个体不具备这四个谱系中的任何一个。7具可追溯到后古典时期的骨骼中有6具单倍型为A，而16具可追溯到古典晚期的骨骼中有11具单倍型也为A。希卡雷特群体中mtDNA谱系的分布与科潘的古代玛雅人形成鲜明对比，后者缺乏谱系A和B。另一方面，我们的结果更接近于在尤卡坦半岛的当代玛雅人和其他中美洲起源的美洲原住民当代群体中发现的mtDNA谱系频率。
