Innis S M, Gilley J, Werker J
Department of Paediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
J Pediatr. 2001 Oct;139(4):532-8. doi: 10.1067/mpd.2001.118429.
To determine whether docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is related to visual and neural development in term breast-fed infants.
A prospective study of 83 infants who were exclusively breast-fed for at least 3 months. We determined red blood cell and plasma fatty acids at 2 months, visual acuity at 2, 4, 6, and 12 months, speech perception and an object search task at 9 months, Bayley's mental development index and psychomotor development index at 6 and 12 months, and novelty pReference at 6 and 9 months.
The infant red blood cell phosphatidylethanolamine DHA was significantly related to visual acuity at 2 months of age (r = 0.32, P =.01) and 12 months of age (r = 0.30, P =.03). The ability to discriminate nonnative retroflex and phonetic contrasts at 9 months of age was related to the plasma phospholipid DHA (r = 0.48, P <.02) and red blood cell phosphatidylethanolamine DHA (r = 0.26, P =.02) at 2 months of age after adjusting for covariates.
DHA may influence the development of visual acuity and neural pathways associated with the developmental progression of language acquisition in term breast-fed infants. The extent to which our results can be attributed solely to DHA from maternal sources through breast milk or in gestation or other confounding factors remains to be determined.
确定二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）是否与足月儿母乳喂养婴儿的视觉和神经发育有关。
对83名至少纯母乳喂养3个月的婴儿进行前瞻性研究。我们在2个月时测定红细胞和血浆脂肪酸，在2、4、6和12个月时测定视力，在9个月时测定语音感知和物体搜索任务，在6和12个月时测定贝利智力发育指数和心理运动发育指数，在6和9个月时测定新奇偏好。
婴儿红细胞磷脂酰乙醇胺DHA与2个月大时的视力显著相关（r = 0.32，P = 0.01）和12个月大时的视力显著相关（r = 0.30，P = 0.03）。在调整协变量后，9个月大时辨别非母语卷舌音和语音对比的能力与2个月大时的血浆磷脂DHA（r = 0.48，P < 0.02）和红细胞磷脂酰乙醇胺DHA（r = 0.26，P = 0.02）有关。
DHA可能会影响足月儿母乳喂养婴儿的视力发育以及与语言习得发育进程相关的神经通路。我们的结果在多大程度上可仅归因于通过母乳或孕期从母体来源获得的DHA或其他混杂因素，仍有待确定。
