PhD Program for Health Science and Industry, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan.
Division of Neonatology, Children's Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan.
Nutrients. 2020 Feb 20;12(2):543. doi: 10.3390/nu12020543.
Our objective was to determine how docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) proportions in human milk are modulated by maternal gene variants and dietary intake in Taiwanese women. Inclusion criteria included being healthy, 20-40 y old, having had a full-term baby that they intended to breast feed for at least 1 month, and willingness to participate in this study. Intake of DHA was assessed by food frequency questionnaire and fatty acids were analyzed in human milk samples collected 3-4 weeks postpartum. Based on multiple linear regression of data from 164 mothers that completed this study, there was 0.28% (FA%) reduction in milk DHA in high versus low genetic risk (stratified by whether minor allele numbers were ≥ 3 in rs1535 and rs174448) and 0.45% reduction in low versus high intake (stratified by whether DHA intake reached 200 mg/d). There was a significant gene-diet interaction; mothers with low genetic risk only had high milk DHA proportions with high DHA intake, whereas for mothers with high genetic risk, dietary effects were quite limited. Therefore, for single nucleotide polymorphism in Taiwanese women, increasing DHA intake did not correct low milk DHA proportions in those with a high-risk genotype. Diet only conferred benefits to those with a low-risk genotype. Trial registration: This trial was retrospectively registered (Feb 12, 2019) in ClinicalTrials.gov (No. NCT03842891, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03842891).
我们的目的是确定二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）在人乳中的比例如何受台湾女性的基因变异和饮食摄入调节。纳入标准包括健康、20-40 岁、有足月婴儿且打算母乳喂养至少 1 个月，以及愿意参与本研究。DHA 的摄入量通过食物频率问卷评估，在产后 3-4 周收集的母乳样本中分析脂肪酸。根据完成这项研究的 164 位母亲的多元线性回归数据，高遗传风险（rs1535 和 rs174448 中少数等位基因数≥3 的分层）与低遗传风险相比，母乳 DHA 减少了 0.28%（FA%），低摄入量与高摄入量相比减少了 0.45%（DHA 摄入量达到 200mg/d 的分层）。存在显著的基因-饮食相互作用；低遗传风险的母亲只有高 DHA 摄入才能使母乳 DHA 比例较高，而高遗传风险的母亲，饮食的影响相当有限。因此，对于台湾女性的单核苷酸多态性，增加 DHA 摄入并不能纠正高风险基因型的低母乳 DHA 比例。饮食仅对低风险基因型有好处。试验注册：这项试验于 2019 年 2 月 12 日在 ClinicalTrials.gov 进行了回顾性注册（编号：NCT03842891，https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03842891）。
