Rowlett J D, Fairchild V R, Rowlett J D
Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, St. Joseph/Chandler Healthcare System, Savannah, Georgia, USA.
Adolesc Med. 2001 Oct;12(3):539-50.
Adolescents have always played a major role in the workplace, whether using employment to add to the family's income needs or to provide the adolescent with "extra" spending money. Although employment affords many positive aspects to today's youths (including improved self-esteem and practical, real-world skills), there are many potential risks faced by the working adolescent. Workplaces create physical risks for disability, and adolescents who work long hours do so to the detriment of their social and educational obligations. Physicians should be aware that teens are working in record numbers, they should take careful occupational histories, and they should be aware of the pitfalls common to employment in their area (farm hazards in rural communities versus homicide and personal injury risks in an urban area, for example). Physicians should join with other authority figures in communities to push for the safest working environments possible for their adolescent patients.
青少年在工作场所一直扮演着重要角色，无论是通过就业来满足家庭的收入需求，还是为青少年提供“额外”的零花钱。尽管就业为当今的年轻人带来了许多积极方面（包括增强自尊心和实用的现实世界技能），但工作的青少年面临着许多潜在风险。工作场所会造成身体残疾风险，长时间工作的青少年会因此损害他们的社交和教育责任。医生应该意识到青少年工作的人数创下了纪录，他们应该仔细询问职业病史，并且应该了解所在地区就业常见的陷阱（例如，农村社区的农场危险与城市地区的杀人及人身伤害风险）。医生应该与社区中的其他权威人士合作，为他们的青少年患者争取尽可能安全的工作环境。
