van Emde Boas W
J Hist Neurosci. 1999 Dec;8(3):286-92. doi: 10.1076/jhin.8.3.286.1819.
Fifty years ago Juhn A. Wada developed the intracarotid amobarbital procedure (IAP), a test in which first one and then the other cerebral hemisphere is temporarily anaesthetised through direct intracarotid application of sodium amytal. The IAP was devised initially as a method to allow unilateral electroconvulsive shock therapy for psychosis. The method subsequently proved its value for the lateralisation of language and, following adaption of the test protocol, for the assessment of memory functions. Thus the IAP became the standard test in the presurgical evaluation for resective surgical treatment of medically intractable epilepsy. This paper will briefly review the history of the IAP, the controversies concerning its current applications and its expected eventual replacement by less invasive and more easily repeatable methods, notably functional magnetic resonance imaging.
五十年前，约翰·A·瓦达开发了颈动脉内阿米妥试验（IAP），该试验通过直接向颈动脉内注入戊巴比妥钠，先后对两侧大脑半球进行临时麻醉。IAP最初被设计为一种允许对精神病患者进行单侧电休克治疗的方法。该方法随后证明了其在语言功能定位方面的价值，并且在调整测试方案后，也可用于评估记忆功能。因此，IAP成为了药物难治性癫痫手术治疗术前评估的标准测试。本文将简要回顾IAP的历史、其当前应用存在的争议，以及它最终有望被侵入性更小、更易于重复的方法（尤其是功能磁共振成像）所取代的情况。
