The present study deals with the reconstruction of the mandible on jaw and face injured soldiers in the First World War. The central element of the reconstruction - the bone transplantation - is described on various treatment methods carried out by 66 european surgeons and dentists. The main part of the study shows which kind of material and which operation technique they used and the results they achieved. The end of the study points out the importance of the bone transplantation concept used between 1914 and 1918. By the year 1914, no concept existed for the reconstruction of destroyed mandible. Only through the First World War experience did the free bone transplantation become the best concept of repairing the lower jaw. Shortly after the beginning of the war, the surgeons roughly knew how to get a solid result. Nevertheless, the operators did not fully understand why bone healing could sometimes be established and sometimes not. Only Carl Partsch from Germany assumed that the fracture healing depended on the tight contact between undamaged surfaces of stumps and transplantation pieces.
本研究涉及第一次世界大战中颌面部受伤士兵下颌骨的重建。重建的核心要素——骨移植，是根据66位欧洲外科医生和牙医所采用的各种治疗方法来描述的。研究的主要部分展示了他们使用的材料种类、手术技术以及取得的结果。研究结尾指出了1914年至1918年间所采用的骨移植理念的重要性。到1914年时，对于毁损下颌骨的重建尚无理念。仅通过第一次世界大战的经验，游离骨移植才成为修复下颌骨的最佳理念。战争开始后不久，外科医生大致知道如何取得可靠的结果。然而，手术者并不完全理解为何骨愈合有时能够实现，有时却不能。只有来自德国的卡尔·帕尔奇认为骨折愈合取决于残端和移植片未受损表面之间的紧密接触。
