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[关于弗洛伊德对纳粹的态度的几点看法,《乔作为犹太人》]

[A few remarks on Freud's attitude to the Nazis, "Jo as Jew"].

作者信息

Chasseguet-Smirgel J

出版信息

Rev Int Hist Psychanal. 1988;1:13-31.

Abstract

My aim is to put the question of Freud's attitude to Nazism in historical perspective, that is to get the facts straight. From the study of some documents it can be established that from the very first symptoms of Nazism, Freud tore up his Germanic roots in order to base himself essentially on Jewish values. His advice is to give up fighting "the spiritual currents of the Germany of today". He says of the Germans: "Let us give them up" (1923). "Should we not leave to itself this people abandoned by God" (1932). Reproaching Freud with having been indifferent towards or even acquiescing in the fate of German psycho-analysis overlooks the concrete situation of Freud and European Jews in general during the "brown years". As for those, few in number one hopes, who today regard Freud's jubilant humour when, on the eve of his departure from Vienna, he was ordered to state that he had been correctly treated and is supposed to have written: "I can warmly recommend the Gestapo to everyone", as genuine support for the Gestapo, my word are not addressed to them. They have passed a barrier beyond which my ticket is no longer valid.

摘要

我的目的是从历史角度审视弗洛伊德对纳粹主义的态度问题,也就是要厘清事实。通过对一些文献的研究可以确定,从纳粹主义最初出现迹象时起,弗洛伊德就摒弃了他的日耳曼根源,转而基本上以犹太价值观为立身之本。他建议放弃与“当今德国的精神潮流”作斗争。他谈到德国人时说:“我们放弃他们吧”(1923年)。“我们难道不该任由这个被上帝抛弃的民族自生自灭吗”(1932年)。指责弗洛伊德对德国精神分析学的命运漠不关心甚至默许,忽略了弗洛伊德以及欧洲犹太人在“纳粹统治时期”的具体处境。至于那些(希望为数不多)如今认为弗洛伊德在离开维也纳前夕接到命令要声明自己受到了正确对待,据说他还写道:“我热情地向每个人推荐盖世太保”,以此作为对盖世太保的真正支持的人,我不会跟他们说什么。他们越过了一道界限,在这界限之外我的话已不再有效。

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