Schott H
Medizinhistorisches Institut der Universität Bonn.
Med Ges Gesch. 1993;12:9-20.
Around 1800 the relationship between doctors and patients was determined by two opposing therapeutic principles, both of which were able to look back on a long tradition. On the one hand, the Enlightenment period lent prominence to the principle of correction, as can be traced paradigmatically in the field of orthopaedics. In this case medical treatment was closely linked to the conception of education. This approach emerged around 1800, particularly in the form of Brownianismus - in the field of psychiatry among others. At the same time the therapeutic principle of sympathy, which has its roots in magic healing, gained fresh impetus in the "electric age" of the Enlightenment, particularly through mesmerism (animal magnetism). Here it is a question of the hidden interdependence in nature, which gained considerable importance especially in the field of psychology on the early nineteenth century (in the context of the so-called Romantic Medicine). It is this area of tension, the combination of external correction and internal sympathy, which makes the period between Enlightenment and Romantic such a fascinating subject in the history of medicine.
大约在1800年，医生与患者之间的关系由两种相互对立的治疗原则决定，这两种原则都有着悠久的传统。一方面，启蒙运动时期突出了矫正原则，这在矫形外科领域有典型体现。在这种情况下，医疗与教育观念紧密相连。这种方法大约在1800年出现，尤其是以布朗医学说的形式——在精神病学等领域。与此同时，源于神奇疗法的同情治疗原则在启蒙运动的“电气时代”获得了新的动力，特别是通过催眠术（动物磁性说）。这里涉及的是自然界中隐藏的相互依存关系，这在19世纪早期尤其在心理学领域（在所谓的浪漫主义医学背景下）变得相当重要。正是这种紧张关系领域，即外部矫正与内部同情的结合，使得启蒙运动和浪漫主义时期之间成为医学史上一个如此引人入胜的主题。
