Anderson Elizabeth S
Philos Public Aff. 1990 Winter;19(1):71-92.
...A commercial surrogate mother is anyone who is paid money to bear a child for other people and terminate her parental rights, so that the others may raise the child as exclusively their own. The growth of commercial surrogacy has raised with new urgency a class of concerns regarding the proper scope of the market. Some critics have objected to commercial surrogacy on the ground that it improperly treats children and women's reproductive capacities as commodities. The prospect of reducing children to consumer durables and women to baby factories surely inspires revulsion. But are there good reasons behind the revulsion? And is this an accurate description of what commercial surrogacy implies? This article offers a theory about what things are properly regarded as commodities which supports the claim that commercial surrogacy constitutes an unconscionable commodification of children and of women's reproductive capacities.
商业代孕母亲是指那些接受金钱报酬为他人孕育孩子并终止其亲权,以便他人能将孩子完全当作自己的孩子来抚养的人。商业代孕的发展使得一系列关于市场合理范围的担忧变得更加紧迫。一些批评者反对商业代孕,理由是它将儿童和女性的生殖能力不当当作商品。将儿童沦为耐用消费品、将女性沦为婴儿工厂的前景无疑会引发反感。但这种反感背后有充分的理由吗?这是对商业代孕含义的准确描述吗?本文提出一种关于哪些事物应被恰当地视为商品的理论,该理论支持商业代孕构成对儿童和女性生殖能力的不合情理的商品化这一观点。