Marshall P, Al-Timman J, Riley R, Wright J, Williams S, Hainsworth R, Tan L B
Institute for Cardiovascular Research, University of Leeds, Yorkshire Heart Centre, Leeds General Infirmary, Leeds LS1 3EX, UK.
Clin Sci (Lond). 2001 Nov;101(5):477-83.
There is evidence that multiple benefits can be obtained through exercise training that leads to increases in peak oxygen consumption (V(O(2))). It is unclear whether significant improvements can also be achieved through unsupervised low-budget home-based training regimes, especially in terms of cardiac functional gains. A randomized cross-over trial was conducted to investigate the effects of a home-based unsupervised exercise training programme of moderate intensity on aerobic capacity, cardiac reserve and peak cardiac power output in healthy middle-aged volunteers. Nine subjects with no known cardiovascular diseases performed symptom-limited treadmill cardiopulmonary exercise tests after an 8-week period of exercise training, and results were compared with those obtained after a similar 'non-exercising' control period. Cardiac output was measured non-invasively during exercise tests using the CO(2)-rebreathing method. With exercise training, resting heart rate decreased significantly from 88.3+/-3.4 to 78.7+/-3.2 beats.min(-1) (P<0.05), heart rate at a submaximal workload (V(O(2))=1.5 litres.min(-1)) decreased from 125.5+/-2.4 to 115.5+/-1.6 beats.min(-1), and peak V(O(2)) increased by 9% from 2.62+/-0.19 to 2.85+/-0.18 litres.min(-1) (P<0.01). Baseline cardiac power output was 1.11+/-0.05 W, and this remained unchanged with training. Peak cardiac power output increased by 16% from 4.1+/-0.3 to 4.7+/-0.3 W (P<0.001), and cardiac reserve increased by 21% (P<0.01). A major contribution to these increases was from the 11% increase in stroke volume, from 100.1+/-5.3 to 111.2+/-6.2 ml (P<0.001). All subjects reported more positive perceptions of their health (P<0.05), fitness (P<0.01) and levels of activity (P<0.01) after the training period. These results show that motivated subjects undergoing low-budget unsupervised home-based exercise training of moderate intensity can derive benefit in terms of symptoms, aerobic capacity and cardiac functional reserve.
有证据表明，通过运动训练使峰值耗氧量（V(O₂)）增加可带来多种益处。目前尚不清楚，尤其是在心脏功能改善方面，无监督的低预算居家训练方案是否也能显著改善健康状况。开展了一项随机交叉试验，以研究中等强度的无监督居家运动训练计划对健康中年志愿者的有氧能力、心脏储备和峰值心输出功率的影响。9名无已知心血管疾病的受试者在进行8周运动训练后，进行了症状限制的跑步机心肺运动测试，并将结果与类似的“非运动”对照期后的结果进行比较。在运动测试期间，使用二氧化碳重呼吸法无创测量心输出量。经过运动训练，静息心率从88.3±3.4显著降至78.7±3.2次/分钟（P<0.05），次最大负荷（V(O₂)=1.5升/分钟）时的心率从125.5±2.4降至115.5±1.6次/分钟，峰值V(O₂)从2.62±0.19升至2.85±0.18升/分钟，增加了9%（P<0.01）。基线心输出功率为1.11±0.05瓦，训练后保持不变。峰值心输出功率从4.1±0.3瓦增加到4.7±0.3瓦，增加了16%（P<0.001），心脏储备增加了21%（P<0.01）。这些增加主要得益于每搏输出量增加11%，从100.1±5.3毫升增加到111.2±6.2毫升（P<0.001）。所有受试者在训练期后对自身健康（P<0.05）、体能（P<0.01）和活动水平（P<0.01）的认知都更为积极。这些结果表明，积极主动的受试者进行中等强度的低预算无监督居家运动训练，在症状、有氧能力和心脏功能储备方面均可获益。
