Kurlan R, McDermott M P, Deeley C, Como P G, Brower C, Eapen S, Andresen E M, Miller B
Department of Neurology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, NY 14642, USA.
Neurology. 2001 Oct 23;57(8):1383-8. doi: 10.1212/wnl.57.8.1383.
Based on the knowledge that Tourette's syndrome (TS) is associated with several clinical features that can impair school function and growing evidence that the disorder is much more common than previously thought, the authors hypothesized that TS and related tic disorders would be associated with school problems in the childhood population at large.
Direct, blinded (to educational placement) interviews of 1,596 schoolchildren in Monroe County, Rochester, NY, were conducted.
Twenty-seven percent of 341 students classified as receiving special education (SpEd) had tics compared with 19.7% (p = 0.008) of 1,255 students in regular classroom programs (RegEd). The weighted prevalence estimates for tics were 23.4% in SpEd and 18.5% in RegEd. A higher percentage of students in SpEd (7.0%) met diagnostic criteria for TS than students in RegEd (3.8%; p = 0.01).
Although possibly influenced by selection bias, our results indicate that tic disorders are common in children and are highly associated with school dysfunction. Tics may represent an identifiable sign of an underlying brain developmental disorder that contributes to academic difficulties.
基于抽动秽语综合征（TS）与多种可能损害学校功能的临床特征相关的认识，以及越来越多的证据表明该疾病比之前认为的更为常见，作者推测TS及相关抽动障碍在广大儿童群体中与学校问题相关。
对纽约州罗切斯特市门罗县的1596名学童进行了直接的、盲法（对教育安置情况不知情）访谈。
在341名被归类为接受特殊教育（SpEd）的学生中，27%有抽动症状，而在1255名普通课堂项目（RegEd）的学生中这一比例为19.7%（p = 0.008）。抽动症状的加权患病率估计在SpEd中为23.4%，在RegEd中为18.5%。符合TS诊断标准的SpEd学生比例（7.0%）高于RegEd学生（3.8%；p = 0.01）。
尽管可能受到选择偏倚的影响，但我们的结果表明抽动障碍在儿童中很常见，且与学校功能障碍高度相关。抽动可能是一种潜在的脑发育障碍的可识别标志，这种障碍会导致学习困难。
