Burrows A M, O'Loughlin V D, Mooney M P, Smith T D, Losken H W, Siegel M I
School of Physical Therapy, Slippery Rock University, Suite 100 North Road, Slippery Rock, PA 16057, USA. amb11+@pitt.edu
Cleft Palate Craniofac J. 2001 Nov;38(6):615-21. doi: 10.1597/1545-1569_2001_038_0615_evpiaf_2.0.co_2.
The present study investigates the potential relationship between craniosynostosis and any changes in endocranial vasculature. The hypothesis that crania from rabbits with familial, nonsyndromic coronal suture synostosis and crania from rabbits with experimental immobilization of the coronal suture are associated with altered form of the middle meningeal vessels and dural venous sinuses is tested.
Silicone rubber endocasts from 14 adult New Zealand white rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) with familial nonsyndromic coronal suture synostosis (five with bilateral coronal suture synostosis and nine with unilateral coronal suture synostosis) were made to assess middle meningeal vessel and dural venous sinus form. For comparative purposes, endocasts were made from 25 rabbits with normal, patent coronal sutures and 10 rabbits with experimental immobilization of the coronal suture. Impressions of the dural venous sinuses were assessed for depth and width. The area of the confluens of sinuses was also assessed. Impressions of the middle meningeal vessels were assessed for depth, width, and degree of convolution. For width of the dural venous sinuses and area of the confluens of sinuses, comparisons among groups were made with a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). For depth of the dural venous sinuses and impressions of the middle meningeal vessels, comparisons among groups were made using a Kruskal-Wallis one-way ANOVA.
Crania with familial coronal suture synostosis had significantly (p <.05) reduced posterior dural venous sinus dimensions when compared with both crania from rabbits with experimental immobilization of the coronal suture and rabbits with normal coronal sutures. Crania with both coronal suture synostosis and experimental immobilization had significant increases in dimensions of the middle meningeal vessels relative to normal crania. In addition, casts from rabbits with unicoronal suture synostosis showed marked asymmetry in the dural venous sinuses.
These results support the hypothesis that craniosynostosis is associated with alterations in endocranial vasculature. These changes are most likely a secondary response to synostosis rather than a causal factor and may reflect increased intracranial pressure, decreased intracranial volume, and local accumulations and reductions of cerebrospinal fluid in the posterior region of the skull and immediately deep to the coronal suture.
本研究调查颅缝早闭与颅内血管系统任何变化之间的潜在关系。检验了以下假设：患有家族性、非综合征性冠状缝早闭的兔子的颅骨以及实验性固定冠状缝的兔子的颅骨与脑膜中血管和硬脑膜静脉窦形态改变有关。
对14只患有家族性非综合征性冠状缝早闭的成年新西兰白兔（穴兔）（5只双侧冠状缝早闭，9只单侧冠状缝早闭）制作硅橡胶脑铸型，以评估脑膜中血管和硬脑膜静脉窦的形态。为作比较，对25只冠状缝正常、通畅的兔子以及10只实验性固定冠状缝的兔子制作脑铸型。评估硬脑膜静脉窦压迹的深度和宽度。还评估了窦汇的面积。评估脑膜中血管压迹的深度、宽度和卷曲程度。对于硬脑膜静脉窦的宽度和窦汇的面积，采用单因素方差分析（ANOVA）进行组间比较。对于硬脑膜静脉窦的深度和脑膜中血管的压迹，采用Kruskal-Wallis单因素方差分析进行组间比较。
与实验性固定冠状缝的兔子和冠状缝正常的兔子的颅骨相比，患有家族性冠状缝早闭的兔子的颅骨后硬脑膜静脉窦尺寸显著减小（p <.05）。患有冠状缝早闭和实验性固定的兔子的颅骨相对于正常颅骨，脑膜中血管尺寸显著增加。此外，单冠状缝早闭兔子的铸型显示硬脑膜静脉窦明显不对称。
这些结果支持颅缝早闭与颅内血管系统改变有关的假设。这些变化很可能是对骨缝早闭的继发反应而非因果因素，可能反映了颅内压升高、颅内体积减小以及颅骨后部和冠状缝正下方脑脊液的局部积聚和减少。
