Burkhart C N, Kruge M A, Burkhart C G, Black C
Department of Biosciences and Department of Medicine, Medical College of Ohio at Toledo, Toledo, Ohio, U.S.A.
Otol Neurotol. 2001 Nov;22(6):715-22. doi: 10.1097/00129492-200111000-00002.
To assess the chemical composition of cerumen by flash pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry.
Collected earwax specimens were fractionated into residue and supernatant by means of deoxycholate. This natural bile acid produces significantly better disintegration of earwax in vitro than do presently available ceruminolytic preparations, and also has demonstrated excellent clinical results in vivo to date.
The sample for analysis was obtained from a patient with clinical earwax impaction.
The supernatant is composed of simple aromatic hydrocarbons, C5-C17 straight-chain hydrocarbons, a complex mixture of compounds tentatively identified as diterpenoids, and steroids, in particular cholesterol. The residue, on the other hand, produced simple aromatic compounds (including benzenes, phenols, and benzonitriles), C5-C25 straight-chain hydrocarbons, greater relative quantities of nitrogen compounds and phenol, and lesser importance of the (tentatively identified) diterpenoids.
Through the use of the detergent deoxycholate, squalene and a tentatively identified diterpenoid were revealed to be present in a free, unbound state, whereas some steroids and hydrocarbons appeared to be bound to a macromolecular structure by nitrogen linkages or other bonds. Additionally, this study reintroduces detergents as a viable method of earwax removal, specifically the bile acids.
通过快速热解-气相色谱/质谱法评估耵聍的化学成分。
通过脱氧胆酸盐将收集的耳垢标本分离为残渣和上清液。这种天然胆汁酸在体外对耳垢的分解效果明显优于目前可用的溶耵聍制剂，并且迄今为止在体内也已证明具有出色的临床效果。
用于分析的样本取自一名患有临床耵聍栓塞的患者。
上清液由简单芳烃、C5 - C17直链烃、一类初步鉴定为二萜类化合物的复杂混合物以及类固醇（特别是胆固醇）组成。另一方面，残渣产生了简单的芳香族化合物（包括苯、酚和苯腈）、C5 - C25直链烃、相对含量更多的含氮化合物和酚，以及（初步鉴定的）二萜类化合物的重要性较低。
通过使用去污剂脱氧胆酸盐，发现角鲨烯和一种初步鉴定的二萜类化合物以游离、未结合的状态存在，而一些类固醇和烃类似乎通过氮键或其他键与大分子结构结合。此外，本研究重新引入去污剂作为一种可行的去除耳垢的方法，特别是胆汁酸。
