Roth E H, Ludwig H, Schmitz F, Werner W
IPO-Institut für Physiologische Optik, Düsseldorf.
Ophthalmologe. 2001 Oct;98(10):964-7. doi: 10.1007/s003470170045.
Retinoscopy is a classical method to determine the refraction of the eye by observing the dynamics of reflexes and varying the experimental parameters until a specific reflex (neutralisation point) is observed. Until now photographs and geometrical drawings of the different ray tracings have been commonly used to visualise the pathways. We intend to use new media such as video and CD to offer the students a better understanding of retinoscopy.
With the aid of appropriate experimental devices, retinoscopal reflexes of artificial and human eyes are recorded on video. The video sequences are converted in computer files and together with computer animations of the geometrical ray tracings, text files and audio sequences, they are stored in a suitable CBT-programme.
The systematically prepared computer compatible contents offer a modern individually controllable method to perform the instruction programme by multimedia. The CBT-program and the specific files are stored on CDs or can be distributed on the internet. A collection of retinoscopy records of patients, some with extraordinary reflex phenomena is also available.
Video and animation procedures are more suitable for matching the dynamic phenomena on retinoscopy than photographs or drawings as they offer a more direct basis for understanding of the sometimes difficult processes of retinoscopy. The collection of recorded reflexes also offers the direct visualised experience of particular patient findings such as the appearance in context of implanted spherical and aspherical intraocular lenses or the irregularities of the optic system of eyes with keratokonus.
检影法是一种经典方法，通过观察反射动态并改变实验参数，直至观察到特定反射（中和点）来确定眼睛的屈光状态。到目前为止，不同光线追踪的照片和几何图形通常用于直观展示光路。我们打算使用视频和CD等新媒体，以便让学生更好地理解检影法。
借助适当的实验设备，将人造眼和人眼的检影反射记录在视频上。视频序列转换为计算机文件，并与几何光线追踪的计算机动画、文本文件和音频序列一起，存储在合适的计算机辅助教学程序中。
系统准备的计算机兼容内容提供了一种通过多媒体执行教学程序的现代、可单独控制的方法。计算机辅助教学程序和特定文件存储在CD上，也可在互联网上分发。还提供了患者检影记录的集合，其中一些有特殊的反射现象。
视频和动画程序比照片或图形更适合匹配检影时的动态现象，因为它们为理解有时较为复杂的检影过程提供了更直接的基础。记录反射的集合还提供了特定患者检查结果的直接可视化体验，例如植入球面和非球面人工晶状体时的情况，或圆锥角膜患者眼内光学系统的不规则情况。
