Reilly P R
Shriver Center for Mental Retardation, Inc., Waltham, Massachusetts 02462, USA.
Annu Rev Genomics Hum Genet. 2000;1:485-506. doi: 10.1146/annurev.genom.1.1.485.
Throughout the twentieth century and continuing into the present, the general public has been fascinated by advances in genetic knowledge. At times, individuals and groups have either inadvertently or deliberately misused genetic knowledge in the service of political goals. At other times, advances in genetics have challenged deeply held societal or religious beliefs. During the 1990s, there were many advances that focused an unprecedented level of public attention and concern on genetics. In particular, the public has expressed deep concern about gene mapping, cloning, and genetically modified foods. In each case, the origin of the concern and the nature of the public response have been different. I consider these topics and argue that the scientific community must increase its commitment to public discourse.
贯穿整个二十世纪直至如今,公众一直对遗传学知识的进展着迷。有时,个人和团体要么无意要么有意地为了政治目的滥用遗传学知识。在其他时候,遗传学的进展挑战了人们根深蒂固的社会或宗教信仰。在20世纪90年代,有许多进展将公众对遗传学前所未有的高度关注和担忧聚焦了起来。特别是,公众对基因图谱、克隆和转基因食品表达了深切关注。在每种情况下,关注的根源和公众反应的性质都有所不同。我探讨了这些话题,并认为科学界必须增强其对公众话语的投入。