Liu L F, Tinker A
Department of Industrial Management, Leader University, No. 188, Sec. 5, An-chung Rd., Tainan City, Taiwan, R.O.C.
J Interprof Care. 2001 Aug;15(3):245-55. doi: 10.1080/13561820120063138.
Taiwan is facing a rapid change in the composition of its population. As the population ages, a greater demand for long-term care services and, in particular, nursing homes is expected. Before deciding who really needs nursing home care, it is important for policy makers to understand the current pattern of utilisation and what factors are associated with entry. This research assesses the relative importance of predisposing, enabling and need factors that lie behind this. It is based on a survey of elderly people in registered nursing homes, a comparison with a national sample of elderly people in their own homes and interviews with the lucid elderly patients (i.e. could communicate with no problems) and their carers. It was found that nursing home entry was associated with advanced age, gender, educational level and dependency levels of elderly people. After controlling for age, need factors have the greatest impact on admission. Specific medical problems such as cardiovascular, neurological and skeletal muscular diseases were also major contributors. Although most elderly people in Taiwan are cared for in their own homes by their families, under certain circumstances entry to a nursing home seemed inevitable. Decisions about nursing home entry were mainly taken within a family context with adult children being the main players while professionals played a relatively minimal role.
台湾正面临着人口构成的快速变化。随着人口老龄化，预计对长期护理服务，尤其是养老院的需求将会增加。在决定谁真正需要养老院护理之前，政策制定者了解当前的使用模式以及与入住相关的因素非常重要。本研究评估了这背后的易患因素、促成因素和需求因素的相对重要性。它基于对养老院中老年人的调查、与全国居家老年人样本的比较，以及对神志清醒的老年患者（即沟通无障碍）及其护理人员的访谈。研究发现，养老院入住与老年人的高龄、性别、教育水平和依赖程度有关。在控制年龄因素后，需求因素对入院的影响最大。心血管、神经和骨骼肌疾病等特定医疗问题也是主要因素。尽管台湾大多数老年人由家人在家照顾，但在某些情况下，入住养老院似乎不可避免。关于入住养老院的决定主要在家庭背景下做出，成年子女是主要参与者，而专业人员的作用相对较小。
