Nordenfors H, Höglund J, Tauson R, Chirico J
Department of Parasitology (SWEPAR), National Veterinary Institute and Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-751 89 Uppsala, Sweden.
Vet Parasitol. 2001 Dec 3;102(1-2):121-31. doi: 10.1016/s0304-4017(01)00528-3.
The effect of permethrin impregnated plastic strips (Die No Mite Strips) was evaluated on Dermanyssus gallinae populations in aviary systems for layers in Sweden. Two application strategies of the strips were tested: (A) attached in the housing system, allowing the birds to rub against the strips and thereby get the acaricide released onto their plumage, and (B) attached out of reach of the hens, at two different sites (perches and egg-belt lids) of the inner surfaces of the system, where the mites sheltered during the day. On two farms with 2030 (A) and 3384 (B) hens, and existing mite populations, strips were mounted for 20 and 10 weeks, respectively, and mite numbers were monitored by traps. With application A an overall mite reduction of 53% was observed, while with B the mean mite numbers decreased by 39% at the perches and 92% at the egg-belt lid. The strips were originally designed for caged hens afflicted by ectoparasites that stay on the host for most of their life cycle. However, since D. gallinae spends most of its time off the host, it was not possible to control the parasite with application A. Resistance tests performed on mites from both treated and control compartments where application A was used showed no indication of resistance to permethrin, while 95% of the mites survived a 48 h exposure to the compound where application B was performed. Thus, permethrin resistant mites appeared to be the main reason for the failure to control D. gallinae with application B.
在瑞典的蛋鸡饲养系统中，对氯菊酯浸渍塑料条（灭螨条）对鸡皮刺螨种群的效果进行了评估。测试了该条带的两种应用策略：（A）附着在饲养系统中，让鸡摩擦条带，从而使杀螨剂释放到它们的羽毛上；（B）附着在母鸡够不到的地方，在系统内表面的两个不同位置（栖木和蛋带盖），螨虫白天在那里栖息。在两个分别有2030只（A）和3384只（B）母鸡且存在螨虫种群的农场中，条带分别安装了20周和10周，并通过诱捕器监测螨虫数量。采用应用A时，观察到螨虫总数减少了53%，而采用应用B时，栖木处螨虫平均数量减少了39%，蛋带盖处减少了92%。这些条带最初是为笼养的、受体表寄生虫困扰且在其生命周期大部分时间都停留在宿主身上的母鸡设计的。然而，由于鸡皮刺螨大部分时间不在宿主身上，采用应用A无法控制这种寄生虫。对使用应用A的处理区和对照区的螨虫进行的抗性测试表明，没有迹象显示对氯菊酯有抗性，而在采用应用B的情况下，95%的螨虫在接触该化合物48小时后存活。因此，抗氯菊酯的螨虫似乎是采用应用B无法控制鸡皮刺螨的主要原因。
