Giles G I, Tasker K M, Jacob C
School of Chemistry, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom.
Free Radic Biol Med. 2001 Nov 15;31(10):1279-83. doi: 10.1016/s0891-5849(01)00710-9.
Oxidative stress arises from an imbalance in the metabolism of redox-active species promoting the formation of oxidizing agents. At present, these species are thought to include reactive oxygen, reactive nitrogen, and reactive nitrogen oxygen species (ROS, RNS, and RNOS, respectively). Reactive species have their origin in enzymatic synthesis, environmental induction, or by the further chemical reaction of an active species with other endogenous molecules to generate a second-generation reactive species. These second-generation species possess a different spectrum of activity to the parent species, with different redox reactions and biological targets. We now propose that an additional group of redox active molecules termed "reactive sulfur species" (RSS) are formed in vivo under conditions of oxidative stress. RSS are likely to include disulfide-S-oxides, sulfenic acids, and thiyl radicals, and are predicted to modulate the redox status of biological thiols and disulfides.
氧化应激源于氧化还原活性物质代谢失衡，促使氧化剂形成。目前，这些物质被认为分别包括活性氧、活性氮和活性氮氧物种（分别为ROS、RNS和RNOS）。活性物种源于酶促合成、环境诱导，或活性物种与其他内源性分子进一步化学反应生成第二代活性物种。这些第二代物种与母体物种具有不同的活性谱，具有不同的氧化还原反应和生物靶点。我们现在提出，在氧化应激条件下，体内会形成另一组称为“活性硫物种”（RSS）的氧化还原活性分子。RSS可能包括二硫化物-S-氧化物、亚磺酸和硫自由基，并预计会调节生物硫醇和二硫化物的氧化还原状态。
