Doyle L L, Clew T H, Chandler G C
Fertil Steril. 1975 Jul;26(7):649-54.
Silastic intrauterine contraceptive devices (IUDs) 13 mm long and 1.07 mm in diameter could be inserted easily into patas monkey uteri which, like human uteri, expelled them. Addition of 10% Provera to these devices did not reduce the expulsion rate significantly in our study. Control devices had no effect on cycle length in rhesus monkeys. After insertion, the active IUDs frequently caused a delay in onset of menstruation; however, cycles did occur with the device in situ, and normal-length cycles were resumed following removal of the device. A short period of rapid release (almost 35% of the total amount) of Provera from the device was followed by a longer period of sustained release of low levels of the hormone. Even 9 mug/day were sufficient to maintain a decidual reaction in the endometrium of the rhesus monkey. The drug could not be detected in the blood stream at 3,6, or 12 hours in patas monkeys or at 1 or 2 months in rhesus monkeys and so may never have reached the systemic circulation. Devices currently under study in baboons catain Provera or one of three other steroids to determine whether these compounds improve retention rates as well as meet the other two criteria set for the ideal IUD incorporation, for unless we meet this first criterion we can never achieve, let alone test, the others.
长13毫米、直径1.07毫米的硅橡胶宫内节育器（IUD）能够轻松插入狨猴子宫，狨猴子宫与人类子宫一样会将其排出。在我们的研究中，在这些节育器中添加10%的安宫黄体酮并不能显著降低排出率。对照节育器对恒河猴的月经周期长度没有影响。插入后，活性宫内节育器经常会导致月经开始延迟；然而，节育器在原位时月经周期仍会出现，取出节育器后会恢复正常长度的周期。安宫黄体酮从节育器中会有一段短时间的快速释放（几乎占总量的35%），随后是较长时间的低水平持续释放。即使每天9微克也足以在恒河猴子宫内膜维持蜕膜反应。在狨猴的3、6或12小时以及恒河猴的1或2个月时，在血流中均检测不到该药物，因此它可能从未进入体循环。目前在狒狒身上研究的节育器含有安宫黄体酮或其他三种类固醇之一，以确定这些化合物是否能提高留存率，以及是否符合理想宫内节育器所含物质设定的其他两个标准，因为除非我们满足这第一个标准，否则我们永远无法实现，更不用说测试其他标准了。
