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The major human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) packaging signal is present on all HIV-2 RNA species: cotranslational RNA encapsidation and limitation of Gag protein confer specificity.主要的2型人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV-2）包装信号存在于所有HIV-2 RNA种类中：共翻译RNA衣壳化以及Gag蛋白的限制赋予了特异性。
J Virol. 2001 Dec;75(24):12058-69. doi: 10.1128/JVI.75.24.12058-12069.2001.
2
Nonreciprocal packaging of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and type 2 RNA: a possible role for the p2 domain of Gag in RNA encapsidation.1型和2型人类免疫缺陷病毒RNA的非互惠包装：Gag的p2结构域在RNA衣壳化中的可能作用。
J Virol. 1998 Jul;72(7):5877-85. doi: 10.1128/JVI.72.7.5877-5885.1998.
3
Dimerisation of HIV-2 genomic RNA is linked to efficient RNA packaging, normal particle maturation and viral infectivity.HIV-2基因组RNA的二聚化与有效的RNA包装、正常的颗粒成熟和病毒感染性相关。
Retrovirology. 2007 Dec 13;4:90. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-4-90.
4
Human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2): packaging signal and associated negative regulatory element.2型人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV-2）：包装信号及相关负调控元件
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Location of cis-acting signals important for RNA encapsidation in the leader sequence of human immunodeficiency virus type 2.对2型人类免疫缺陷病毒前导序列中RNA包装重要的顺式作用信号的定位
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Human immunodeficiency virus types 1 and 2 differ in the predominant mechanism used for selection of genomic RNA for encapsidation.1型和2型人类免疫缺陷病毒在用于选择基因组RNA进行包装的主要机制上存在差异。
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Effects of mutations in the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Gag gene on RNA packaging and recombination.人类免疫缺陷病毒1型Gag基因突变对RNA包装和重组的影响。
J Virol. 2006 May;80(10):4691-7. doi: 10.1128/JVI.80.10.4691-4697.2006.

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本文引用的文献

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Comparison of viral genomic RNA sorting mechanisms in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), HIV-2, and Moloney murine leukemia virus.1型人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV-1）、HIV-2和莫洛尼鼠白血病病毒中病毒基因组RNA分选机制的比较
J Virol. 2000 Dec;74(23):11413-7. doi: 10.1128/jvi.74.23.11413-11417.2000.
2
An internal ribosome entry segment promotes translation of the simian immunodeficiency virus genomic RNA.一个内部核糖体进入片段促进猿猴免疫缺陷病毒基因组RNA的翻译。
J Biol Chem. 2000 Apr 21;275(16):11899-906. doi: 10.1074/jbc.275.16.11899.
3
The major HIV-1 packaging signal is an extended bulged stem loop whose structure is altered on interaction with the Gag polyprotein.主要的HIV-1包装信号是一个延伸的凸起茎环，其结构在与Gag多蛋白相互作用时会发生改变。
J Mol Biol. 2000 Apr 7;297(4):877-93. doi: 10.1006/jmbi.2000.3611.
4
The leader of the HIV-1 RNA genome forms a compactly folded tertiary structure.HIV-1 RNA基因组的 leader 形成紧密折叠的三级结构。
RNA. 2000 Feb;6(2):282-95. doi: 10.1017/s1355838200991684.
5
Human immunodeficiency virus types 1 and 2 differ in the predominant mechanism used for selection of genomic RNA for encapsidation.1型和2型人类免疫缺陷病毒在用于选择基因组RNA进行包装的主要机制上存在差异。
J Virol. 1999 Apr;73(4):3023-31. doi: 10.1128/JVI.73.4.3023-3031.1999.
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Three-dimensional folding of an RNA hairpin required for packaging HIV-1.HIV-1包装所需的RNA发夹的三维折叠。
J Mol Biol. 1998 Oct 2;282(4):801-18. doi: 10.1006/jmbi.1998.2046.
7
Mapping the RNA binding sites for human immunodeficiency virus type-1 gag and NC proteins within the complete HIV-1 and -2 untranslated leader regions.绘制人类免疫缺陷病毒1型gag和NC蛋白在完整的HIV-1和HIV-2非翻译前导区内的RNA结合位点。
Nucleic Acids Res. 1998 Aug 15;26(16):3667-76. doi: 10.1093/nar/26.16.3667.
8
Identification of a human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) encapsidation determinant and transduction of nondividing human cells by HIV-2-based lentivirus vectors.人免疫缺陷病毒2型（HIV-2）包装决定簇的鉴定以及基于HIV-2的慢病毒载体对非分裂人细胞的转导
J Virol. 1998 Aug;72(8):6527-36. doi: 10.1128/JVI.72.8.6527-6536.1998.
9
Human immunodeficiency virus type 2 lentivirus vectors for gene transfer: expression and potential for helper virus-free packaging.用于基因转移的2型人类免疫缺陷病毒慢病毒载体：表达及无辅助病毒包装的潜力。
Hum Gene Ther. 1998 Jun 10;9(9):1371-80. doi: 10.1089/hum.1998.9.9-1371.
10
Nonreciprocal packaging of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and type 2 RNA: a possible role for the p2 domain of Gag in RNA encapsidation.1型和2型人类免疫缺陷病毒RNA的非互惠包装：Gag的p2结构域在RNA衣壳化中的可能作用。
J Virol. 1998 Jul;72(7):5877-85. doi: 10.1128/JVI.72.7.5877-5885.1998.

主要的2型人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV-2）包装信号存在于所有HIV-2 RNA种类中：共翻译RNA衣壳化以及Gag蛋白的限制赋予了特异性。

The major human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) packaging signal is present on all HIV-2 RNA species: cotranslational RNA encapsidation and limitation of Gag protein confer specificity.

作者信息

Griffin S D, Allen J F, Lever A M

机构信息

Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge CB2 2QQ, United Kingdom.

出版信息

J Virol. 2001 Dec;75(24):12058-69. doi: 10.1128/JVI.75.24.12058-12069.2001.

DOI:10.1128/JVI.75.24.12058-12069.2001
PMID:11711596
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC116101/
Abstract

Deletion of a region of the human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) 5' leader RNA reduces genomic RNA encapsidation to about 5% that of wild-type virus with no defect in viral protein production but severely limits virus spread in Jurkat T cells, indicating that this region contains a major cis-acting encapsidation signal, or psi (Psi). Being upstream of the major splice donor, it is present on all viral transcripts. We have shown that HIV-2 selects its genomic RNA for encapsidation cotranslationally, rendering wild-type HIV-2 unable to encapsidate vector RNAs in trans. Virus with Psi deleted, however, encapsidates an HIV-2 vector, demonstrating competition for Gag protein. HIV-2 overcomes the lack of packaging signal location specificity by two novel mechanisms, cotranslational packaging and competition for limiting Gag polyprotein.

摘要

删除人类免疫缺陷病毒2型（HIV-2）5'前导RNA的一个区域会使基因组RNA的包装率降至野生型病毒的约5%，病毒蛋白产生无缺陷，但严重限制了病毒在Jurkat T细胞中的传播，这表明该区域包含一个主要的顺式作用包装信号，即ψ（Psi）。由于它位于主要剪接供体的上游，所以存在于所有病毒转录本上。我们已经表明，HIV-2在共翻译时选择其基因组RNA进行包装，这使得野生型HIV-2无法反式包装载体RNA。然而，删除了Psi的病毒能够包装HIV-2载体，这表明存在对Gag蛋白的竞争。HIV-2通过两种新机制克服了包装信号位置特异性的缺乏，即共翻译包装和对有限Gag多聚蛋白的竞争。