Farkas L G, Katic M J, Forrest C R
Center for Craniofacial Care and Research, The Hospital for Sick Children, and the Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
J Craniofac Surg. 2001 Nov;12(6):519-24; discussion 525-6. doi: 10.1097/00001665-200111000-00003.
The objective of the study was to identify the proportions closest to normal and those indicating mild-to-moderate and severe degrees of disproportion. Eight proportion indices were analyzed in five craniofacial regions of 125 Down's syndrome patients, based on a total of 985 data points. More than two thirds of the patients fell within the normal range, although more than one quarter were abnormal (disproportionate). All statistical summaries were based on z-scores (adjusting for age and sex differences), converted into descriptive anthropometric categories to yield a simplified frequency distribution for each proportion index. Normal proportions were harmonious in 55.9% of patients. Disproportions were mild to moderate in 66.4%, severe in 33.6%. The highest frequency of harmony was found in the head (70.2%), the lowest in the orbits (40.8%). The highest percentage of mild-moderate disproportion was found in the face (79.3%). The highest percentage of severe disproportions was recorded in the intercanthal index of the orbits (44.7%) and the smallest frequency in the face (20.7%). In the five craniofacial regions among the normal proportions, harmonies were more frequent than disharmonies. Among the disproportions, the percentage of mild-moderate ones was greater than those of severe degree.
该研究的目的是确定最接近正常的比例以及那些表明轻度至中度和重度不匀称程度的比例。基于总共985个数据点，对125名唐氏综合征患者的五个颅面区域的八个比例指数进行了分析。超过三分之二的患者处于正常范围内，尽管超过四分之一的患者异常（不匀称）。所有统计摘要均基于z分数（针对年龄和性别差异进行调整），转换为描述性人体测量类别，以得出每个比例指数的简化频率分布。55.9%的患者比例正常且协调。66.4%的患者不匀称程度为轻度至中度，33.6%为重度。协调性频率最高的是头部（70.2%），最低的是眼眶（40.8%）。轻度至中度不匀称比例最高的是面部（79.3%）。重度不匀称比例最高的是眼眶内眦间距指数（44.7%），面部的频率最低（20.7%）。在五个颅面区域中，正常比例中协调的情况比不协调的更常见。在不匀称情况中，轻度至中度的比例高于重度的比例。
