Assefa K, Tefera H, Merker A, Kefyalew T, Hundera F
Debre Zeit Agricultural Research Centre, Ethiopia.
Hereditas. 2001;134(2):103-13. doi: 10.1111/j.1601-5223.2001.00103.x.
One hundred and twenty tef Eragrostis tef (Zucc.) Trotter, germplasm lines from eight regions of Ethiopia were field evaluated in two randomized complete blocks at Debre Zeit and Melkassa during the 1995/96, and at Debre Zeit and Alem Tena during the 1996/97 main seasons. The objectives were to assess the extent and pattern of their diversity with respect to 17 pheno-morphic and agronomic traits, and to obtain an insight into the broad sense heritability (H) and genetic advance (GA) expectations of the various traits. Discernible (p < or = 0.05) variability among regions and among genotypes within regions were observed in seven and nine of the traits, respectively. In the combined analysis of variance over environments, genotypes showed substantial (p < or = 0.05) variation in all traits, and genotypes and environments interacted significantly on nine of the traits. The phenotypic and genotypic coefficients of variation varied in that order from about 3% for days to maturity to 28% for grain yield/plant, and from less than 2% for days to maturity to 15% for number of fertile tillers/plant. Estimates of H were lowest for shoot phytomass/plant (17%) and highest for panicle length (75%). The minimum GA expectations were for days to maturity (2%) and the maximum was for number of fertile tillers/plant (23%). About 67% of the gross phenotypic diversity in the germplasm was explained on the basis of four principal components (PCs). Up to 28% of the variance extracted by the first PC was due mainly to variations in the second and first basal culm internode diameters, culm and panicle length, days to panicle emergence, and number of panicle branches and fertile tillers/plant. Largely variations in the length of the two basal culm internodes and grain yield/plant contributed to 19% of the whole variance accounted for by the second PC. Generally, the study showed that there is ample genetic variation in the genotypes evaluated and this presents a valuable base for use in the improvement work.
120份来自埃塞俄比亚8个地区的画眉草（Eragrostis tef (Zucc.) Trotter）种质系，于1995/96年在德布雷齐特和梅尔卡萨以及1996/97年主季在德布雷齐特和阿莱姆特纳，按随机完全区组设计进行了田间评价。目的是评估它们在17个表型和农艺性状方面的多样性程度和模式，并深入了解各性状的广义遗传力（H）和遗传进展（GA）预期。分别在7个和9个性状中观察到了地区间以及地区内基因型间可察觉的（p≤0.05）变异性。在环境联合方差分析中，基因型在所有性状上均表现出显著（p≤0.05）变异，且基因型与环境在9个性状上存在显著交互作用。表型和基因型变异系数依次从成熟天数的约3%到单株籽粒产量的28%，以及从成熟天数的不到2%到单株有效分蘖数的15%不等。单株地上部生物量的H估计值最低（17%），穗长的最高（75%）。GA的最低预期是成熟天数（2%），最高是单株有效分蘖数（23%）。种质中约67%的总表型多样性可基于四个主成分（PC）来解释。第一主成分提取的方差中高达28%主要归因于第二和第一基部茎节间直径、茎和穗长、出穗天数以及穗分支数和单株有效分蘖数的变异。第二主成分解释的总方差中，很大一部分（19%）是由两个基部茎节间长度和单株籽粒产量的变异造成的。总体而言，该研究表明所评价的基因型存在丰富的遗传变异，这为改良工作提供了宝贵的基础。
