Gosselin P, Dugas M J, Ladouceur R, Freeston M H
Ecole de psychologie, Université Laval, Québec (Qc), Canada, G1K 7P4.
Encephale. 2001 Sep-Oct;27(5):475-84.
Excessive worry, which is the central feature of Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD), is recognized as an important clinical phenomenon with many negative consequences on people's health. For example, studies report that excessive worry is associated with higher frequencies of work absenteeism and medical consultations, increased risk of other anxiety disorders, depression, heart disease, diabetes and cancer. It is thus imperative to develop effective measures to assess worry among adult. Until now, no measures were available in French for the practitioners and researchers to evaluate the tendency to engage in excessive and uncontrollable worry. One of the most frequently used questionnaires to assess worry in English is The Penn State Worry Questionnaire (PSWQ). This self-report measure has been widely studied and has shown excellent psychometric properties among the non-clinical and clinical populations. This manuscript presents the results of three studies evaluating the psychometric properties of a French Translation of the PSWQ, the Questionnaire sur les Inquiétudes de Penn State (QIPS). The first study includes the translation procedures used to create the French version of the questionnaire, the factorial structure, the internal consistency, the quality of the items, and the convergent validity among non-clinical participants. The second study examines the temporal stability, and the convergent and divergent validity of the questionnaire. Finally, the third study investigates the internal consistency, the quality of the items, and the convergent and divergent validity of the questionnaire among GAD patients. Study 1. This study describes the translation procedures used to create the QIPS, the factorial structure, the internal consistency, the quality of the items, and the convergent validity among non-clinical participants. The French version was translated by a group of clinical psychologists with the assistance of a professional translator and a linguist. A back translation procedure was also conducted. Finally, a pilot study confirmed the intelligibility of the questionnaire. French-speaking university students (N = 352) completed a battery of questionnaires during a lecture. The questionnaires were: The Questionnaires sur les Inquiétudes de Penn State, the Intolerance of Uncertainty Questionnaire, the Cognitive Avoidance Questionnaire, the Why Worry Questionnaire-Revised, and the Social Problem-Solving Inventory-Revised. The statistical analyses reveal that the QIPS shows an appropriate factorial structure, an excellent internal consistency and a very good convergent validity. This French Questionnaire thus seems to be suitable to assess the tendency to worry among the nonclinical population. Study 2. This second study examines the temporal stability, and the convergent and divergent validity of the QIPS. The sample includes 95 French-speaking University students who volunteered to complete the QIPS and the Beck anxiety Inventory. Two self-rating questions were also asked to evaluate the percentage of time spent worrying and to what extent does worrying causes a problem. Eighty-six students participated at the second administration of the questionnaires, four weeks later. The results indicate that the QIPS is very stable over time, thus supporting its temporal stability. Different correlations confirm its convergent and divergent validity. It is concluded that the QIPS is a suitable measure of worry in a non-clinical population. Study 3. This study investigates the internal consistency, the quality of the items, and the convergent and divergent validity of the questionnaire among GAD patients. Seventy-seven GAD patients, as defined by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental disorders, fourth edition (DSM IV), participated in this study. They completed the QIPS, the Worry Domains Questionnaire, The Worry and Anxiety Questionnaire, the Intolerance of Uncertainty Questionnaire, the Beck Anxiety Inventory, the Beck Depression Inventory, and a daily diary of differents aspects of worry. The results reveal that the QIPS has an excellent internal consistency, a very good convergent and divergent validity. The QIPS thus seems to be suitable to assess the tendency to worry among GAD patients.
The overall results presented in these studies confirm the excellent psychometric properties of the QIPS. This French questionnaire is a useful tool for clinicians and researchers to assess the tendency to worry among non-clinical and clinical populations.
过度担忧是广泛性焦虑症（GAD）的核心特征，它被认为是一种重要的临床现象，会对人们的健康产生许多负面影响。例如，研究报告称，过度担忧与更高的旷工率和就诊频率相关，还会增加患其他焦虑症、抑郁症、心脏病、糖尿病和癌症的风险。因此，必须制定有效的措施来评估成年人的担忧程度。到目前为止，法语中还没有可供从业者和研究人员评估过度且无法控制的担忧倾向的测量工具。在英语中，评估担忧最常用的问卷之一是宾夕法尼亚州立大学担忧问卷（PSWQ）。这种自我报告测量工具已经得到广泛研究，并在非临床和临床人群中显示出优异的心理测量特性。本文呈现了三项研究的结果，这些研究评估了PSWQ的法语翻译版——宾夕法尼亚州立大学担忧问卷（QIPS）的心理测量特性。第一项研究包括用于创建问卷法语版的翻译程序、因子结构、内部一致性、项目质量以及非临床参与者中的收敛效度。第二项研究考察了问卷的时间稳定性以及收敛和区分效度。最后，第三项研究调查了GAD患者中问卷的内部一致性、项目质量以及收敛和区分效度。研究1。本研究描述了用于创建QIPS的翻译程序、因子结构、内部一致性、项目质量以及非临床参与者中的收敛效度。法语版由一组临床心理学家在一名专业翻译人员和一名语言学家的协助下进行翻译。还进行了回译程序。最后，一项预试验证实了问卷的清晰度。说法语的大学生（N = 352）在一次讲座期间完成了一系列问卷。这些问卷包括：宾夕法尼亚州立大学担忧问卷、不确定性不耐受问卷、认知回避问卷、修订版担忧原因问卷以及修订版社会问题解决量表。统计分析表明，QIPS显示出合适的因子结构、优异的内部一致性和良好的收敛效度。因此，这份法语问卷似乎适合评估非临床人群中的担忧倾向。研究2。第二项研究考察了QIPS的时间稳定性以及收敛和区分效度。样本包括95名自愿完成QIPS和贝克焦虑量表的说法语的大学生。还问了两个自评问题，以评估担忧所花费的时间百分比以及担忧在多大程度上造成了问题。四周后，86名学生参与了问卷的第二次施测。结果表明，QIPS随时间非常稳定，从而支持了其时间稳定性。不同的相关性证实了其收敛和区分效度。得出的结论是，QIPS是评估非临床人群中担忧程度的合适测量工具。研究3。本研究调查了GAD患者中问卷的内部一致性、项目质量以及收敛和区分效度。77名符合《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第四版（DSM - IV）定义的GAD患者参与了本研究。他们完成了QIPS、担忧领域问卷、担忧与焦虑问卷、不确定性不耐受问卷、贝克焦虑量表、贝克抑郁量表以及一份关于担忧不同方面的每日日记。结果显示，QIPS具有优异的内部一致性、良好的收敛和区分效度。因此，QIPS似乎适合评估GAD患者中的担忧倾向。
这些研究中呈现的总体结果证实了QIPS优异的心理测量特性。这份法语问卷是临床医生和研究人员评估非临床和临床人群中担忧倾向的有用工具。
