Heistad D, Abboud F M, Mark A L, Schmid P G
J Appl Physiol. 1975 Sep;39(3):411-6. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1975.39.3.411.
This study tested the hypothesis that ventilatory responses to chemoreceptor stimulation are affected by the level of arterial pressure and degree of baroreceptor activation. Carotid chemoreceptors were stimulated by injection of nicotine into the common carotid artery of anesthetized dogs. Arterial pressure was reduced by bleeding the animals and raised by transient occlusion of the abdominal aorta. The results indicate that ventilatory responses to chemoreceptor stimulation were augmented by hypotension and depressed by hypertension. In additional studies we excluded the possibility that the findings were produced by a direct effect of changes in arterial pressure on chemoreceptors. Both carotid bifurcations were perfused at constant flow. In one carotid bifurcation, perfusion pressure was raised to stimulate carotid sinus baroreceptors. In the other carotid bifurcation, pressure was constant and nicotine was injected to stimulate carotid chemoreceptors. Stimulation of baroreceptors on one side attenuated the ventilatory response to stimulation of contralateral chemoreceptors. This inhibition was observed before and after bilateral cervical vagotomy. We conclude that there is a major central interaction between baroreceptor and chemoreceptor reflexes so that changes in baroreceptor activity modulate ventilatory responses to chemoreceptor stimulation.
对化学感受器刺激的通气反应受动脉压水平和压力感受器激活程度的影响。通过向麻醉犬的颈总动脉注射尼古丁来刺激颈动脉化学感受器。通过放血使动物动脉压降低，通过短暂阻断腹主动脉使动脉压升高。结果表明，对化学感受器刺激的通气反应在低血压时增强，在高血压时减弱。在另外的研究中，我们排除了动脉压变化对化学感受器的直接作用产生这些结果的可能性。以恒定流量灌注双侧颈动脉分叉处。在一侧颈动脉分叉处，升高灌注压以刺激颈动脉窦压力感受器。在另一侧颈动脉分叉处，压力保持恒定并注射尼古丁以刺激颈动脉化学感受器。刺激一侧的压力感受器会减弱对另一侧化学感受器刺激的通气反应。在双侧颈迷走神经切断术前和术后均观察到这种抑制作用。我们得出结论，压力感受器和化学感受器反射之间存在主要的中枢相互作用，因此压力感受器活动的变化会调节对化学感受器刺激的通气反应。
