Andersen H R, Wollenberger L, Halling-Sørensen B, Kusk K O
Department of Analytical and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Royal Danish School of Pharmacy, København.
Environ Toxicol Chem. 2001 Dec;20(12):2821-9.
Test compounds including natural hormones, endocrine disrupters, environmentally occurring compounds, and reference compounds were tested for acute toxicity and inhibitory effect on larval development in the copepod Acartia tonsa. Three compounds, 17alpha-ethinylestradiol, p-octylphenol, and tamoxifen, known for their differing effects on the vertebrate estrogen system, were potent inhibitors of naupliar development. Other estrogens, 17beta-estradiol, estrone, and bisphenol A, had little potency. Testosterone and progesterone did not inhibit development, but the antiandrogen flutamide had inhibitory effect. Juvenile hormone III was a potent inhibitor, as was expected based on the literature, whereas 20-hydroxyecdysone had no effect. 3,4-Dichloroaniline was inhibitory on development, whereas other control compounds, potassium dichromate and 3,5-dichlorophenol, did not inhibit development. Six of the 17 test compounds had 50% lethal concentration to 50% effective concentration (EC50) ratios higher than 10. The results suggest that naupliar development, as a parameter, is able to detect hormonal disrupters in addition to other chemicals that have other specific modes of action.
对包括天然激素、内分泌干扰物、环境中存在的化合物以及参考化合物在内的受试化合物进行了急性毒性测试，以及它们对挠足类中华哲水蚤幼体发育的抑制作用测试。三种化合物，17α-乙炔基雌二醇、对辛基苯酚和他莫昔芬，因其对脊椎动物雌激素系统的不同作用而闻名，是无节幼体发育的强效抑制剂。其他雌激素，17β-雌二醇、雌酮和双酚A，效力较小。睾酮和孕酮不抑制发育，但抗雄激素氟他胺有抑制作用。正如文献所预期的那样，保幼激素III是一种强效抑制剂，而20-羟基蜕皮酮则无作用。3,4-二氯苯胺对发育有抑制作用，而其他对照化合物重铬酸钾和3,5-二氯苯酚则不抑制发育。17种受试化合物中有6种的半数致死浓度与半数有效浓度（EC50）之比高于10。结果表明，作为一个参数，无节幼体发育除了能够检测具有其他特定作用模式的其他化学物质外，还能够检测激素干扰物。
