Kirsch R F, Acosta A M, van der Helm F C, Rotteveel R J, Cash L A
Department of Veterans Affairs FES Center of Excellence, Cleveland, OH, USA.
J Rehabil Res Dev. 2001 Nov-Dec;38(6):619-26.
Neuroprostheses with the use of functional neuromuscular stimulation (FNS) have the potential to restore elbow and shoulder function lost to paralysis because of spinal cord injury (SCI). The human shoulder is highly flexible and thus provides a large range of motion to the arm and hand, although at the expense of precarious stability of the articulations. The complexity of the shoulder has prevented widespread use of FNS at this joint. However, musculoskeletal modeling of the elbow and shoulder has the potential to significantly speed the development of neuroprostheses by allowing many mechanical issues to be resolved in simulation prior to implementation in human subjects. This paper describes our rationale for the use of musculoskeletal modeling, the model we are using, and several practical applications of the model to study the potential use of shoulder and elbow muscle FNS to restore function following cervical SCI.
使用功能性神经肌肉刺激（FNS）的神经假体有潜力恢复因脊髓损伤（SCI）而瘫痪所丧失的肘部和肩部功能。人类肩部具有高度的灵活性，因此能为手臂和手部提供大范围的运动，尽管这是以关节稳定性欠佳为代价的。肩部的复杂性阻碍了FNS在该关节的广泛应用。然而，肘部和肩部的肌肉骨骼建模有潜力显著加速神经假体的开发，因为它能在应用于人体受试者之前，通过模拟解决许多机械问题。本文描述了我们使用肌肉骨骼建模的基本原理、我们正在使用的模型，以及该模型在研究颈部脊髓损伤后利用肩部和肘部肌肉FNS恢复功能的潜在用途方面的几个实际应用。
