Turrone Peter, Kapur Shitij, Seeman Mary V, Flint Alastair J
Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Ont. , Canada.
Am J Psychiatry. 2002 Jan;159(1):133-5. doi: 10.1176/appi.ajp.159.1.133.
Atypical antipsychotics are thought not to elevate prolactin levels. The authors examined data suggesting that atypical antipsychotics do elevate prolactin levels but more transiently than typical antipsychotics.
Prolactin levels in 18 male patients with schizophrenia who were receiving atypical antipsychotics were monitored over the 24-hour period following administration of their daily oral dose of risperidone, olanzapine, or clozapine.
The baseline prolactin levels in patients receiving risperidone (mean=27 ng/ml, SD=14) were abnormally high, but baseline prolactin levels in patients receiving olanzapine (mean=9 ng/ml, SD=5) and clozapine (mean=9 ng/ml, SD=5) were not high. All three atypical antipsychotics caused a doubling of prolactin levels over baseline levels 6 hours after medication administration.
These data suggest that these atypical antipsychotics raise prolactin levels, although the increases with olanzapine did not reach statistical significance. This suggests that the differences in the effects on prolactin levels of atypical and typical antipsychotics are not categorical but lie in the degree and duration of dose-induced prolactin elevation, attributable to the differential binding properties of each drug on pituitary dopamine D(2) receptors.
非典型抗精神病药物被认为不会升高催乳素水平。作者研究了相关数据，这些数据表明非典型抗精神病药物确实会升高催乳素水平，但比典型抗精神病药物升高得更短暂。
对18名正在接受非典型抗精神病药物治疗的男性精神分裂症患者，在每日口服利培酮、奥氮平或氯氮平后的24小时内监测其催乳素水平。
接受利培酮治疗的患者基线催乳素水平（均值 = 27 ng/ml，标准差 = 14）异常高，但接受奥氮平治疗的患者（均值 = 9 ng/ml，标准差 = 5）和接受氯氮平治疗的患者（均值 = 9 ng/ml，标准差 = 5）的基线催乳素水平并不高。所有三种非典型抗精神病药物在给药6小时后均使催乳素水平比基线水平翻倍。
这些数据表明这些非典型抗精神病药物会升高催乳素水平，尽管奥氮平导致的升高未达到统计学显著性。这表明非典型和典型抗精神病药物对催乳素水平影响的差异并非绝对的，而是在于剂量诱导的催乳素升高的程度和持续时间，这归因于每种药物对垂体多巴胺D(2)受体的不同结合特性。
