Narnaware Yuwaraj K, Peter Richard E
Biological Sciences Building, University of Alberta, Alberta, Edmonton, T6G 2E9, Canada.
Regul Pept. 2002 Feb 15;103(2-3):75-83. doi: 10.1016/s0167-0115(01)00342-1.
In this study, goldfish demonstrate preference for high carbohydrate and high fat diets, with no preference shown for high protein diets. Fish fed high (45% and 55%) carbohydrate (CHO) diets for 1 and 4 weeks exhibited decreased NPY gene expression in telencephalon-preoptic area (TEL-POA) and optic tectum-thalamus (OT-THAL) compared to fish fed low CHO (35% and 40%) diets. In hypothalamus (HYP), NPY gene expression was significantly increased after 1 week in fish fed both low and high CHO diets compared to control diet (40% CHO); after 4 weeks, the pattern in HYP was reversed. Fish fed a high fat (9%) diet had low NPY gene expression in TEL-POA after 1 and 4 weeks; however, HYP NPY expression was increased in fish fed a low (3%) fat diet after 1 week, and 2% and 3% fat diets after 4 weeks. In OT-THAL, NPY gene expression was decreased in fish fed a 2% fat diet for 1 week, and increased after 4 weeks. Feeding diets with different protein contents for 1 or 4 weeks did not influence NPY gene expression in goldfish brain. The results demonstrate, for the first time in a lower vertebrate, that NPY gene expression in goldfish brain is influenced by macronutrient intake.
在本研究中，金鱼表现出对高碳水化合物和高脂肪饮食的偏好，而对高蛋白饮食无偏好。与喂食低碳水化合物（35%和40%）饮食的金鱼相比，喂食高碳水化合物（45%和55%）饮食1周和4周的金鱼，其端脑-视前区（TEL-POA）和视顶盖-丘脑（OT-THAL）中的神经肽Y（NPY）基因表达降低。在喂食低碳水化合物和高碳水化合物饮食的金鱼中，与对照饮食（40%碳水化合物）相比，下丘脑（HYP）中的NPY基因表达在1周后显著增加；4周后，下丘脑的这种模式发生了逆转。喂食高脂肪（9%）饮食的金鱼在1周和4周后，其TEL-POA中的NPY基因表达较低；然而，喂食低脂肪（3%）饮食1周后的金鱼以及喂食2%和3%脂肪饮食4周后的金鱼，其下丘脑NPY表达增加。在OT-THAL中，喂食2%脂肪饮食1周的金鱼NPY基因表达降低，4周后增加。喂食不同蛋白质含量的饮食1周或4周对金鱼脑中NPY基因表达没有影响。结果首次在一种低等脊椎动物中表明，金鱼脑中的NPY基因表达受常量营养素摄入量的影响。
