Ada S E, Al-Yahya M A, Al-Farhan A H
College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, King Saud University, Buraidah, AI-Qassim, Saudi Arabia.
Am J Chin Med. 2001;29(3-4):525-32. doi: 10.1142/S0192415X01000551.
The acute toxicity of dried Nerium oleander leaves to Najdi sheep is described in 12 sheep assigned as untreated controls, N. oleander-treated once at 1 and 0.25 g/kg body weight and N. oleander-treated daily at 0.06 g/kg body weight by drench. Single oral doses of 1 or 0.25 g of dried N. oleander leaves/kg body weight caused restlessness, chewing movements of the jaws, dyspnea, ruminal bloat, incoordination of movements, limb paresis, recumbency and death 4-24 hr after dosing. Lesions were widespread congestion or hemorrhage, pulmonary cyanosis and emphysema, hepatorenal fatty change and catarrhal abomasitis and enteritis. The daily oral doses of 0.06 g dried N. oleander leaves/kg body weight caused less severe signs and death occurred between days 3 and 14. In these animals, the main lesions were hepatonephropathy and gelatinization of the renal pelvis and mesentry and were accompanied by significant increases in serum AST and LDH activities, in bilirubin, cholesterol and urea concentrations and significant decreases in total protein and albumin levels, anemia and leucopenia.
将12只绵羊分为未处理对照组、单次按1克/千克体重和0.25克/千克体重给予夹竹桃叶处理组以及每日按0.06克/千克体重经灌服给予夹竹桃叶处理组，描述了夹竹桃干叶对纳季德绵羊的急性毒性。单次口服1克或0.25克夹竹桃干叶/千克体重会导致绵羊在给药后4至24小时出现躁动、下颌咀嚼运动、呼吸困难、瘤胃胀大、运动不协调、肢体轻瘫、卧地不起和死亡。病变包括广泛的充血或出血、肺淤血和肺气肿、肝肾脂肪变性以及卡他性皱胃和肠炎。每日口服0.06克夹竹桃干叶/千克体重引起的症状较轻，死亡发生在第3天至第14天之间。在这些动物中，主要病变为肝肾病变以及肾盂和肠系膜的胶样变性，并伴有血清谷草转氨酶和乳酸脱氢酶活性、胆红素、胆固醇和尿素浓度显著升高，总蛋白和白蛋白水平显著降低、贫血和白细胞减少。
