Brandt H C, de Groot P C
Shell International Oil Products BV, Shell Research and Technology Centre Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Water Res. 2001 Dec;35(17):4200-7. doi: 10.1016/s0043-1354(01)00216-0.
The application of bitumen in, e.g. asphalt roads, roofs and hydraulic applications will lead to the leaching of compounds from the bitumen/asphalt into the environment. Because polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are present in bitumen, static and dynamic leach tests have been performed to study the leaching behaviour of this class of compounds. Nine petroleum bitumens covering a representative range of commercially available products and one asphalt made from one of the bitumens have been tested in a static leach test. The asphalt has been also subjected to a dynamic leach test. The main conclusions are that a 30h dynamic leach test is sufficient to determine the equilibrium concentration that will be reached after bitumen or asphalt has been in contact with the water for more than 3-6 days. As an alternative to performing a leach test, this concentration can be calculated from the PAH concentrations in the bitumen, and their distribution coefficients, as calculated here, or from their aqueous solubilities. The equilibrium PAH concentrations in the leach water from bitumens stay well below the surface water limits that exist in several EEC-countries and are also more than an order of magnitude lower than the current EEC limits for potable water.
例如，沥青应用于沥青道路、屋顶和水工应用中，会导致沥青/沥青混合料中的化合物沥滤到环境中。由于沥青中存在多环芳烃（PAHs），已进行静态和动态沥滤试验以研究这类化合物的沥滤行为。在静态沥滤试验中对涵盖市售产品代表性范围的9种石油沥青和由其中一种沥青制成的一种沥青混合料进行了测试。该沥青混合料也进行了动态沥滤试验。主要结论是，30小时的动态沥滤试验足以确定沥青或沥青混合料与水接触3 - 6天以上后将达到的平衡浓度。作为进行沥滤试验的替代方法，该浓度可根据沥青中的PAH浓度及其在此计算的分配系数，或根据其水溶性来计算。沥青沥滤液中的平衡PAH浓度远低于几个欧盟国家的地表水限值，也比目前欧盟饮用水限值低一个数量级以上。
