Guzmán H M, Guevara C A
Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Unit 0948, APO, AA 34002-0948, USA.
Rev Biol Trop. 2001 Mar;49(1):53-66.
This is the fourth and last contribution describing the individual structure, distribution and conservation status of coral reefs in the Province of Bocas del Toro. Here we describe 14 new reefs along 129 km of coast from Peninsula Valiente to Río Calovébora. Average live coral coverage for this region was 17.1% (+/- 3.6%), mainly in the western region of the peninsula (Bahia Bluefield and Ensenada Tobobe). Coral cover increases with depth (> 5 m) for most species at several reefs and the corals Porites furcata and Acropora palmata dominated shallow waters. Acropora palmata was found abundant in 43% of the studied reefs and toward the regions of the Ensenada Tobobe and Punta Valiente. Coral recruitment rates were similar in distribution to those reefs with greater coral coverage, with average densities of 4 recruit/m2 (maximum 9 recruits/m2) and mainly Agaricia spp., Porites astreoides and Siderastrea siderea. The greater diversity of corals and sponges was recorded toward the western side of the peninsula, with a total of 55 coral species in the study area, including two new records for Bocas del Toro (59 species in total), Dichocoenia stellaris and Madracis luciphila and increasing the diversity of corals of Panama to 65 species. We found 24 species of octocorals and Gorgonia mariae, Muriceopsis sulphurea and Muricea laxaoosens, are informed for the first time to the area, increasing in 10% the diversity for Bocas del Toro (32 in total). We recorded 48 sponges, including five new species for the area and representing an increase of 9% in the total number (58). Large populations of Acropora palmata were found in the Ensenada Tobobe, what justifies once again the need for modifying the existing protected area, so that this new region is incorporated within the conservation plans.
这是描述博卡斯德尔托罗省珊瑚礁个体结构、分布和保护状况的第四篇也是最后一篇文稿。在此，我们描述了从巴连特半岛到卡洛韦博拉河沿岸129公里海岸线上的14处新珊瑚礁。该区域活珊瑚的平均覆盖率为17.1%（±3.6%），主要集中在半岛西部地区（蓝菲尔德湾和托博贝湾）。在几个珊瑚礁中，大多数物种的珊瑚覆盖率随深度增加（>5米），而叉状滨珊瑚和棕枝鹿角珊瑚在浅水区占主导地位。在43%的研究珊瑚礁以及托博贝湾和巴连特角地区发现大量棕枝鹿角珊瑚。珊瑚幼体补充率的分布与珊瑚覆盖率较高的珊瑚礁相似，平均密度为4个幼体/平方米（最大9个幼体/平方米），主要是艾氏鹿角珊瑚、星孔珊瑚和扁脑珊瑚。半岛西侧记录到的珊瑚和海绵种类更为多样，研究区域共有55种珊瑚，包括博卡斯德尔托罗的两个新记录种（总计59种），即星状菊珊瑚和明亮鹿角珊瑚，使巴拿马的珊瑚种类增加到65种。我们发现了24种八放珊瑚，其中玛利亚柳珊瑚、硫色短柄柳珊瑚和拉氏短柄柳珊瑚是该区域首次记录到的，使博卡斯德尔托罗的珊瑚种类多样性增加了10%（总计32种）。我们记录了48种海绵，包括该区域的5个新物种，使海绵总数增加了9%（总计58种）。在托博贝湾发现了大量的棕枝鹿角珊瑚，这再次证明有必要修改现有的保护区，以便将这一新区域纳入保护计划。
