Miyake A, Saito S
Department of Psychology, University of Colorado at Boulder, 345 UCB Boulder, CO 80309-0345, USA.
Shinrigaku Kenkyu. 2001 Oct;72(4):336-50. doi: 10.4992/jjpsy.72.336.
Working memory is a set of processes or a system that allows us to temporarily maintain task-relevant information during performance of complex cognitive tasks. It has recently been an intensively investigated topic in cognitive psychology, cognitive neuroscience, and other related disciplines, and important empirical and theoretical advances have been made during the last several years. In this article, we review the current state of working memory research, focusing on important recent methodological and theoretical developments in the field. Specifically, we provide an update of recent influential working memory theories (e.g., Baddeley's multicomponent model and an ACT-R model) and discuss the current status of various controversial theoretical issues, such as the unitary versus non-unitary nature of working memory, the nature of working memory limitations, the control and regulation of working memory, and the relationship of working memory to long-term memory. We conclude our review by pointing out some important future directions for working memory research.
工作记忆是一组过程或一个系统，它使我们在执行复杂认知任务时能够暂时保持与任务相关的信息。最近，它一直是认知心理学、认知神经科学及其他相关学科中深入研究的主题，并且在过去几年中取得了重要的实证和理论进展。在本文中，我们回顾了工作记忆研究的现状，重点关注该领域近期重要的方法和理论发展。具体而言，我们更新了近期有影响力的工作记忆理论（如巴德利的多成分模型和ACT-R模型），并讨论了各种有争议的理论问题的现状，如工作记忆的单一性与非单一性本质、工作记忆局限性的本质、工作记忆的控制与调节以及工作记忆与长期记忆的关系。我们通过指出工作记忆研究未来的一些重要方向来结束我们的综述。
