Haftenberger M, Viergutz G, Neumeister V, Hetzer G
Department of Paediatric Dentistry, University of Technology, Dresden, Germany.
Caries Res. 2001 Nov-Dec;35(6):451-7. doi: 10.1159/000047489.
There have only been few investigations comparing total fluoride intake and the fluoride proportion excreted in urine in pre-school children. In addition, the results of available studies are conflicting. Total fluoride intake was assessed in 11 healthy children aged 3-6 years on 2 consecutive days and urinary fluoride excretion was determined. The duplicate-diet approach was used for the assessment of fluoride intake from solid and liquid foods. Fluoride intake from toothbrushing was calculated as the difference between the amount of fluoride in the paste put on the toothbrush and the drinking water (fluoride concentration 0.25 mg/l) used for rinsing vs. the fluoride amounts recovered in the toothpaste spat out and in the rinsing water. Use of fluoridated domestic salt and/or fluoride tablets was recorded. The children's intake of fluoride from food averaged 202.5+/-116.2 microg F/day. They swallowed an average amount of 273.9+/-175.6 microg F/day when brushing their teeth. Daily fluoride ingestion from all sources totalled 930.7+/-391.5 microg or 53.0+/-21.4 microg/kg body weight. On average 51.5% of the fluoride ingested was excreted in urine. The wide interindividual variation makes it necessary to evaluate the urinary excretion rate for fluoride in larger study populations with varied fluoride exposure.
仅有少数研究比较了学龄前儿童的总氟摄入量与尿中排出的氟比例。此外，现有研究结果相互矛盾。对11名3至6岁的健康儿童连续两天评估其总氟摄入量，并测定尿氟排泄量。采用双份膳食法评估固体和液体食物中的氟摄入量。刷牙的氟摄入量计算为涂在牙刷上的牙膏中的氟含量与用于漱口的饮用水（氟浓度0.25毫克/升）中的氟含量之差，减去吐出的牙膏和漱口水中回收的氟量。记录使用含氟家用盐和/或氟片的情况。儿童从食物中摄入的氟平均为202.5±116.2微克氟/天。他们刷牙时平均吞咽273.9±175.6微克氟/天。所有来源的每日氟摄入量总计930.7±391.5微克或53.0±21.4微克/千克体重。摄入的氟平均有51.5%经尿液排出。个体间的广泛差异使得有必要在氟暴露情况各异的更大研究人群中评估氟的尿排泄率。
