Stevenson M, Palamara P, Rooke M, Richardson K, Baker M, Baumwol J
Injury Research Centre, Department of Public Health, The University of Western Australia, Crawley.
Aust N Z J Public Health. 2001 Dec;25(6):511-3. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-842x.2001.tb00314.x.
Since the introduction of random breath testing (RBT) in Australia there has been a significant reduction in drink driving, as measured by alcohol-related crashes. In contrast, the prevalence of drug-related road fatalities is on the increase. One strategy that targets drink- and/or drug-driving is the promotion of a designated driver or 'skipper'. This paper determines to what extent the 'skipper' is driving alcohol or drug-free.
A convenience sample of university students from The University of Western Australia completed a questionnaire that included questions on drug and alcohol use while driving as the designated 'skipper'.
The mean age of the 286 participants was 21 years. Among the students who reported acting as the designated 'skipper' during the past 12 months, 26% of the students drove, as the designated 'skipper,' while feeling the effects of alcohol. Similarly, 18% of students who reported using drugs drove, as the 'skipper', while feeling the effects of the drug. Multivariate analysis identified that the presence of random drug testing would act as a deterrent for drug driving while the designated 'skipper'.
Although three-quarters of designated 'skippers' do not drink and/or drug drive, a sizeable proportion of young drivers continue to place themselves and, more importantly, their passengers and the entire community at an elevated risk of injury.
Campaigns that target the responsibility of the 'skipper' and that are included as part of drink-driving campaigns would be beneficial. It is premature to be making recommendations on random drug testing for drivers.
自澳大利亚引入随机呼气测试（RBT）以来，与酒精相关的撞车事故表明酒后驾车现象已大幅减少。相比之下，与毒品相关的道路死亡事故发生率却在上升。针对酒后和/或毒后驾驶的一项策略是推广指定驾驶员或“代驾者”。本文旨在确定“代驾者”在多大程度上做到了无酒精和无毒品驾驶。
从西澳大利亚大学抽取了一个便利样本的大学生，他们完成了一份问卷，其中包括关于作为指定“代驾者”时饮酒和吸毒情况的问题。
286名参与者的平均年龄为21岁。在过去12个月中报告担任指定“代驾者”的学生中，26%的学生在担任指定“代驾者”时，在酒精作用下仍驾车。同样，18%报告使用毒品的学生在担任“代驾者”时，在毒品作用下仍驾车。多变量分析表明，随机毒品检测的存在会对担任指定“代驾者”时的毒后驾驶起到威慑作用。
尽管四分之三的指定“代驾者”不酒后和/或毒后驾驶，但仍有相当比例的年轻驾驶员继续使自己，更重要的是使他们的乘客以及整个社区面临更高的受伤风险。
以“代驾者”的责任为目标并纳入酒驾宣传活动的一部分的宣传活动将是有益的。就对驾驶员进行随机毒品检测提出建议还为时过早。
