Huygens W, Claessens A L, Thomis M, Loos R, Van Langendonck L, Peeters M, Philippaerts R, Meynaerts E, Vlietinck R, Beunen G
Department of Sport and Movement Sciences, Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Katholieke Universiteit, Leuven, Belgium.
J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2002 Mar;42(1):45-55.
Two main questions are stated: 1) are BIA and anthropometric equations accurate in estimating body composition in male power athletes and more specifically in body builders and 2) is there a difference in body composition when body builders are compared to weight and power lifters?
this is a descriptive, comparative study on a selected sample of power athletes.
49 Belgian elite and sub-top male power athletes (34 body builders and 15 weight and power lifters) were included in this sample. More than 70% was in preparation of competition at time of data collection.
an extended set of anthropometric measures was taken. Body composition was estimated by BIA (Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis) and by regression equations of skinfolds. Somatotype and muscle+bone areas were calculated. Factor analysis on all anthropometric measures was carried out to determine the body structure of the athletes.
Compared to external visual criteria, the equations of Durnin and Womersley and Lohman (skinfolds) and the Guo-equation (BIA) were the only equations that could accurately estimate the body composition for this specific group of athletes. However, the sum of skinfolds attains the most accurate estimate of subcutaneous fatness. Body builders have significantly (p<0.01) larger arm and thigh circumferences and are more mesomorfic than the other power athletes (5.9 vs 3.8).
This study shows that to estimate body composition in extreme power athletes BIA is not as accurate as compared to anthropometric equations. Moreover, the sum of a larger set of skinfolds is preferred to anthropometric prediction equations. In addition, body builders are more muscular and leaner than other power athletes.
提出了两个主要问题：1）生物电阻抗分析（BIA）和人体测量方程在估计男性力量型运动员，尤其是健美运动员的身体成分时是否准确？2）将健美运动员与举重和力量举运动员进行比较时，身体成分是否存在差异？
这是一项针对选定力量型运动员样本的描述性比较研究。
该样本包括49名比利时精英和次顶级男性力量型运动员（34名健美运动员和15名举重和力量举运动员）。在数据收集时，超过70%的人正在为比赛做准备。
进行了一系列广泛的人体测量。通过生物电阻抗分析（BIA）和皮褶厚度回归方程估计身体成分。计算体型和肌肉+骨骼面积。对所有人体测量指标进行因子分析，以确定运动员的身体结构。
与外部视觉标准相比，杜宁和沃姆斯利方程、洛曼方程（皮褶厚度）和郭氏方程（BIA）是仅有的能够准确估计这一特定运动员群体身体成分的方程。然而，皮褶厚度总和对皮下脂肪的估计最为准确。健美运动员的上臂和大腿围明显更大（p<0.01），且比其他力量型运动员更具中胚层体型特征（5.9比3.8）。
本研究表明，在估计极端力量型运动员的身体成分时，BIA不如人体测量方程准确。此外，与人体测量预测方程相比，更多皮褶厚度总和更受青睐。此外，健美运动员比其他力量型运动员肌肉更发达、更瘦。
