Dell Paul F
Trauma Recovery Center, Norfolk, Virginia 23510, USA.
J Nerv Ment Dis. 2002 Jan;190(1):10-5. doi: 10.1097/00005053-200201000-00003.
The goal of this study was to investigate the dissociative phenomenology of dissociative identity disorder (DID). The Multidimensional Inventory of Dissociation (MID) was administered to 34 patients with DID, 23 patients with dissociative disorder not otherwise specified (DDNOS), 52 patients with mixed psychiatric disorders, and 58 normal individuals. DID patients obtained significantly higher scores than the other three groups on 27 dissociation-related variables. DDNOS patients had significantly higher scores than normals and mixed psychiatric patients on 17 and 15 dissociation-related variables, respectively. The findings of the present study are virtually identical to a large body of replicated findings about the dissociative phenomenology of DID. This broad range of dissociation-related phenomena, which routinely occurs in individuals with DID, is largely absent from the DSM-IV-TR account of DID. Factor analysis of the 11 dimensions of dissociation that are measured by the MID extracted only one factor that accounted for 85% of the variance. It was concluded that dissociation is a unifactorial taxon or natural type that has different aspects or epiphenomena (i.e., amnesia, depersonalization, voices, trance, etc.).
本研究的目的是调查分离性身份障碍（DID）的分离现象学。对34例分离性身份障碍患者、23例未另行规定的分离性障碍（DDNOS）患者、52例混合性精神障碍患者和58名正常个体进行了多维分离量表（MID）测试。在27个与分离相关的变量上，分离性身份障碍患者的得分显著高于其他三组。未另行规定的分离性障碍患者在17个和15个与分离相关的变量上的得分分别显著高于正常人和混合性精神障碍患者。本研究的结果与大量关于分离性身份障碍分离现象学的重复研究结果几乎相同。这种广泛的与分离相关的现象经常出现在分离性身份障碍患者中，而在《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第四版修订版（DSM-IV-TR）对分离性身份障碍的描述中基本没有提及。对多维分离量表所测量的11个分离维度进行因子分析，仅提取了一个占方差85%的因子。研究得出结论，分离是一种单因素分类或自然类型，具有不同的方面或附带现象（即失忆、人格解体、幻听、恍惚等）。
