Allen Christina R, Kaplan Lee D, Fluhme Derrick J, Harner Christopher D
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
Curr Opin Rheumatol. 2002 Mar;14(2):142-9. doi: 10.1097/00002281-200203000-00011.
There is a relative lack of research and literature investigating injuries to the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL), despite the fact that it is an important knee stabilizer. The PCL is injured less frequently than other knee ligaments, and the mechanism is usually a direct blow to the anterior aspect of a flexed knee. Clinical examination of a PCL-deficient knee may reveal a positive posterior drawer, quadriceps active test, or Godfrey test. Chronic PCL insufficiency may result in patellofemoral and medial compartment degenerative arthritis. Controversy exists over the treatment of PCL injuries, with the exception of surgical treatment of avulsion fractures. Many believe that isolated PCL injuries of any grade may be treated nonoperatively with an excellent outcome. However, PCL reconstruction is recommended for patients with grade III PCL injuries who remain symptomatic despite adequate physical therapy or if the PCL deficiency is part of a multiple-ligament knee injury.
尽管后交叉韧带（PCL）是膝关节的重要稳定结构，但对其损伤的研究和文献相对较少。PCL损伤的发生率低于其他膝关节韧带，其损伤机制通常是屈膝时膝关节前方受到直接撞击。对PCL损伤的膝关节进行临床检查时，可能会发现后抽屉试验、股四头肌主动试验或戈弗雷试验呈阳性。慢性PCL功能不全可能导致髌股关节和内侧间室的退行性关节炎。除了撕脱骨折的手术治疗外，PCL损伤的治疗存在争议。许多人认为，任何程度的单纯PCL损伤都可以采用非手术治疗，且效果良好。然而，对于III度PCL损伤且经过充分物理治疗后仍有症状的患者，或者PCL损伤是多韧带膝关节损伤一部分的患者，建议进行PCL重建。
